4. Padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅgavibhāvanā

22. Yena yena saṃvaṇṇanāvisesabhūtena yuttihāravibhaṅgabhūtena pañhāvissajjanādīnaṃ yuttāyuttabhāvo vibhatto, so saṃvaṇṇanāvisesabhūto yuttihāravibhaṅgo paripuṇṇo, ‘‘katamo padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅgo’’ti pucchitabbattā ‘‘tattha katamo padaṭṭhāno hāro’’tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha tatthāti tesu niddiṭṭhesu soḷasasu desanāhārādīsu hāresu katamo saṃvaṇṇanāviseso padaṭṭhāno hāro padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅgoti pucchati. ‘‘Dhammaṃ desesi jino’’tiādiniddesassa idāni mayā vuccamāno ‘‘ayaṃ padaṭṭhāno hāro’’tiādiko vitthārasaṃvaṇṇanāviseso padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅgoti viññeyyo. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tattha katamo padaṭṭhāno hārotiādi padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅgo’’ti (netti. aṭṭha. 22). ‘‘Ayaṃ idāni vuccamāno vitthārabhūto padaṭṭhāno hāro piṭakattaye desitesu dhammesu kiṃ nāma dhammaṃ desayati saṃvaṇṇetī’’ti pucchaṃ ṭhapetvā ‘‘idaṃ āsannakāraṇaṃ imassa āsannaphalassa padaṭṭhāna’’nti niyametvā vibhajituṃ ‘‘ayaṃ padaṭṭhāno’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tassattho – sabbesu viññeyyadhammesu yāthāvato asampaṭivedho lakkhaṇaṃ etissā avijjāyāti sabbadhammayāthāvaasampaṭivedhalakkhaṇā, avijjā, tassā avijjāya asubhe ‘‘subha’’ntiādivipallāsā padaṭṭhānaṃ āsannakāraṇaṃ. Vipallāse sati avijjā vattati uparūpari jāyati na hāyati, tasmā vipallāsā avijjāya padaṭṭhānaṃ āsannakāraṇaṃ bhavanti. Avijjāya vaṭṭamūlakattā taṃ ādiṃ katvā padaṭṭhānaṃ vibhattanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Taṇhāyapi vaṭṭamūlakattā tadanantaraṃ taṇhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ vibhajituṃ ‘‘ajjhosānalakkhaṇā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha piyarūpaṃ sātarūpanti piyasabhāvaṃ sātasabhāvaṃ cakkhādidhammajātaṃ. Piyanīyasātanīye cakkhādike sati taṇhā vattati uparūpari jāyati, tasmā piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṇhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ āsannakāraṇaṃ bhavati.

Adinnādāne sati lobho vattati, tasmā adinnādānaṃ lobhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ bhavati. Adinnādānañhi ekavāraṃ uppannampi anādīnavadassanato lobhassa āsannakāraṇaṃ bhavatveva.

Kesādīsu asubhesu pavattāyapi subhasaññāya nīlādivaṇṇadīghādisaṇṭhānahasanādibyañjanaggahaṇalakkhaṇattā cakkhundriyādīnaṃ asaṃvaro subhasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ bhavati.

Dukkhadukkhādīsu pavattāyapi sukhasaññāya sāsavaphassūpagamanalakkhaṇattā rūpādīsu assādo sukhasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Rūpakkhandhādīsu aniccesu pavattāyapi niccasaññāya saṅkhatalakkhaṇānaṃ dhammānaṃ asamanupassanalakkhaṇattā rūpakkhandhādīsu niccaggahaṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Aniccadukkhānattasaṅkhātesu khandhādīsu pavattāyapi attasaññāya aniccasaññādukkhasaññānaṃ asamanupassanalakkhaṇattā ahaṃmamādivasena pavatto nāmakāyo attasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Evaṃ avijjādīnaṃ akusalapakkhānaṃ dhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ dassetvā idāni tappaṭipakkhānaṃ vijjādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sabbadhammasampaṭivedhalakkhaṇā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Sabbesu ñeyyadhammesu pavattāya vijjāya sabbadhammasampaṭivedhalakkhaṇattā sabbaṃ neyyaṃ vijjāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Samathassa cittavikkhepasaṅkhātauddhaccapaṭisaṃharaṇasaṅkhātavikkhambhanalakkhaṇattā paṭibhāganimittabhūtā asubhā samathassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Asubhāya hi taṇhāpaṭipakkhattā, taṇhāya ca abhāve samatho tiṭṭhatīti.

Adinnādānā veramaṇivasena pavattassa alobhassa icchāvacarapaṭisaṃharaṇalakkhaṇattā adinnādānā veramaṇī alobhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Pāṇātipātā veramaṇivasena pavattassa adosassa abyāpajjalakkhaṇattā pāṇātipātā veramaṇī adosassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Sammāpaṭipattivasena pavattassa amohassa vatthuavippaṭipattilakkhaṇattā sammāpaṭipatti amohassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Nibbidāvasena pavattāya asubhasaññāya vinīlakavipubbakagahaṇalakkhaṇattā nibbidā asubhasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Nibbidāñāṇena hi anabhirati pavattati, anabhiratiyā ca asubhasaññā ṭhitāti.

Dukkhavedanāvasena pavattāya dukkhasaññāya sāsavaphassaparijānanalakkhaṇattā vedanā dukkhasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Uppādavayavasena pavattāya aniccasaññāya saṅkhatalakkhaṇānaṃ dhammānaṃ samanupassanalakkhaṇattā uppādavayā aniccasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Uppādavayañhi samanupassitvā aniccasaññā pavattā.

Dhammamattasaññāvasena pavattāya anattasaññāya sabbadhammaabhinivesalakkhaṇattā dhammasaññā anattasaññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Kāmarāgassa rūpādipañcakāmaguṇārammaṇattā pañca kāmaguṇā kāmarāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Rūpasaṅkhāte kāye ārabbha pavattassa rūparāgassa cakkhādipañcindriyānaṃ anusārena pavattanato pañcindriyāni rūpāni rūparāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Bhavanikantivasena pavattassa bhavarāgassa chaḷāyatanaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Nibbattabhavānupassitāti ‘‘edisaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ rūpaṃ mā nibbattatu, edisaṃ iṭṭhaṃ rūpaṃ nibbattatu edisī dukkhā vedanā mā nibbattatu, edisī sukhā vedanā nibbattatū’’ti evamādinā pakārena pavattā rūpābhinandanā, sā pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Kammassakataññāṇassa pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇānugatattā pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇadassanaṃ kammassakataññāṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Okappanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ yassā saddhāyāti okappanalakkhaṇā saddhā. Adhimutti paccupaṭṭhānaṃ yassā saddhāyāti adhimuttipaccupaṭṭhānā ca saddhā. Anāvilaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ yassa pasādassāti anāvilalakkhaṇoti pasādo. Sampasīdanaṃ paccupaṭṭhānaṃ yassa pasādassāti sampasīdanapaccupaṭṭhāno ca pasādo. So pana pasādo saddhāya eva avatthāvisesoti veditabbo. Aveccapasādo abhipatthiyanalakkhaṇāya saddhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, okappanalakkhaṇā saddhā anāvilalakkhaṇassa pasādassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, catubbidhaṃ sammappadhānaṃ vīriyaṃ ārambhalakkhaṇassa vīriyassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, kāyādisatipaṭṭhānaṃ apilāpanalakkhaṇāya satiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ, jhānasahitassa samādhissa ekaggalakkhaṇattā vitakkādijhānāni samādhissa padaṭṭhānaṃ, paññāya kiccapajānanaārammaṇapajānanalakkhaṇattā saccāni paññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

‘‘Yesaṃ avijjādīnaṃ padaṭṭhānāni ācariyena vibhattāni, te avijjādayo katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānānī’’ti pucchitabbattā te avijjādayopi imesaṃ dhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānāti dassetuṃ ‘‘aparo nayo’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Avijjā assādamanasikāralakkhaṇassa ayonisomanasikārassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Avijjāya hi ādīnavacchādanato ayonisomanasikāro jātoti. Saccasammohanalakkhaṇā avijjā puññāpuññāneñjābhisaṅkhārānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, punabbhavavirohanalakkhaṇā tebhūmakacetanā saṅkhārā vipākaviññāṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, opapaccayikasaṅkhātena upapattibhavabhāvena nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ nāmarūpassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, nāmakāyarūpakāyasaṅghātalakkhaṇaṃ nāmarūpaṃ chaḷāyatanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ sahajātādipaccayabhāvato, cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ indriyānaṃ pavattānaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ chaḷāyatanaṃ chabbidhassa phassassa yathākkamaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ nissayādipaccayabhāvato, cakkhupasādarūpārammaṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādisannipātalakkhaṇo chabbidho phasso, taṃ vedanāya tena chabbidhena phassena sahajātāya chabbidhāya vedanāya yathākkamaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ sahajātādipaccayabhāvato, iṭṭhānubhavanaaniṭṭhānubhavanaiṭṭhāniṭṭhānubhavanalakkhaṇā tividhā vedanā, taṃ taṇhāya tāya tividhāya vedanāya vasena pavattāya taṇhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ upanissayādipaccayabhāvato, saparasantānesu ajjhosānalakkhaṇā taṇhā, taṃ upādānassa tāya taṇhāya vasena pavattassa catubbidhassa upādānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ upanissayādipaccayabhāvato. ‘‘So vedanāyā’’ti ca ‘‘sā taṇhāyā’’ti ca ‘‘sā upādānassā’’ti ca pāṭhena bhavitabbaṃ, liṅgavipallāsaniddeso vā siyā.

Yaṃ upādānaṃ opapaccayikaṃ upapattikkhandhanibbattakaṃ, taṃ upādānaṃ duvidhassa bhavassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yo kammabhavo nāmakāyarūpakāyasambhavanalakkhaṇo, so kammabhavo jātiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yā upapattibhūtā jāti khandhapātubhāvalakkhaṇā, taṃ sā jāti jarāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yā jiṇṇajarā upadhikkhandhaparipākalakkhaṇā, taṃ sā jiṇṇajarā maraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yampi yassa sammutimaraṇaṃ jīvitindriyupacchedalakkhaṇaṃ, tampi tassa sammutimaraṇaṃ sokassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Piyassa maraṇaṃ cintentassa yebhuyyena sokuppajjanato yo soko ñātiādipiyesu ussukkakārako, taṃ so soko paridevassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yo paridevo lālappakārako, taṃ so paridevo kāyikadukkhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yaṃ kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyasampīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yaṃ domanassaṃ cittasampīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ domanassaṃ upāyāsassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yo upāyāso odahanakārako avadahanakārako, taṃ so upāyāso bhavassa upāyāsassa nissayasantānabhavassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Bhavassāti vuttabhavaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘imānī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha bhavaṅgāni kileso bhavassa aṅgaṃ kāraṇaṃ kammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭāni bhavasaṅkhātāni aṅgāni avayavāni. Yadā paccuppannādikāle samaggāni nibbattāni bhavanti, tadā so kilesavaṭṭakammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭasaṅkhāto dhammasamūho ‘‘bhavassā’’ti ettha bhavoti daṭṭhabbo. Taṃ bhavasaṅkhātaṃ kilesavaṭṭakammavaṭṭavipākavaṭṭattayaṃ saṃsārassa padaṭṭhānaṃ purimaṃ purimaṃ jātinipphannakilesādivaṭṭena saṃsārassa abbocchinnuppajjanato, yo ariyamaggo niyyānikalakkhaṇo, taṃ so ariyamaggo nirodhassa nibbānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ sampāpakahetubhāvato.

Bahussuto sabbasissādīnaṃ patiṭṭhānattā titthaṃ viyāti titthaṃ, jānātīti ñū, titthaṃ ñūti titthaññū, titthaññuno bhāvo titthaññutā, sammāpayirupāsanā, sā pītaññutāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Bahussutassa hi sammāpayirupāsanāya dhammūpasañhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pāmojjena ca kammaṭṭhānabrūhanā jāyatīti sappāyadhammassavanena pītiṃ jānātīti pītaññū, pītaññuno bhāvo pītaññutā, kammaṭṭhānassa brūhanā, sā pattaññutāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Kammaṭṭhānabrūhanāya hi bhāvanāpattajānanatā jāyatīti pattaññutā. Bhāvanāpattajānanatā attaññutāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Bhāvanāpattajānanatāya hi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgatassa attano jānanatā jāyatīti attaññutā pubbekatapuññatāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Padhāniyaṅgesu samannāgatattajānanatāya hi pubbe puññakaraṇaṃ jātaṃ, pubbekatapuññatā patirūpadesavāsassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Pubbe hi katena puññena patirūpadesavāso laddho, patirūpadesavāso sappurisūpanissayassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Patirūpadesavāsena hi sappurisūpanissayo laddho, sappurisūpanissayo attasammāpaṇidhānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sappurisūpanissayena hi attasammāpaṇidhānaṃ jātaṃ, attasammāpaṇidhānaṃ sīlānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Attasammāpaṇidhānena hi sīlāni sampatiṭṭhitāni, sīlāni avippaṭisārassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Attani hi sampatiṭṭhitaṃ sīlaṃ paccavekkhantassa vippaṭisāro natthevāti, avippaṭisārena pāmojjaṃ jāyati, tasmā avippaṭisāro pāmojjassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Pāmojjena pīti jāyati, tasmā pāmojjaṃ pītiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Pītiyā passaddhi jāyati, tasmā pīti passaddhiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Passaddhiyā sukhaṃ jāyati, tasmā passaddhi sukhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Sukhena samādhi jāyati, tasmā sukhaṃ samādhissa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Samādhinā yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ jāyati, tasmā samādhi yathābhūtañāṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassanena nibbidāñāṇaṃ jāyati, tasmā yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ nibbidāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Nibbidāya virāgo jāyati, tasmā nibbidā virāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Virāgena vimutti jāyati, tasmā virāgo vimuttiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vimuttiyā vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ jāyati, tasmā vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Evaṃ yathāvuttanayena yo koci dhammo upanissayo hoti, yo koci dhammo paccayo hoti, sabbo so dhammo attano paccayuppannassa dhammassa padaṭṭhānanti daṭṭhabbo.

‘‘Upanissayadhammassa, paccayadhammassa vā paccayuppannadhammassa padaṭṭhānabhāvo kena saddahitabbo’’ti vattabbattā ‘‘tenāhā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha tenāti yassa kassaci upanissayadhammassa, paccayadhammassa ca paccayuppannadhammassa padaṭṭhānabhāvena āyasmā mahākaccāno ‘‘dhammaṃ deseti jino’’tiādikaṃ yaṃ vacanaṃ āha, tena vacanena tesaṃ upanissayadhammapaccayadhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānabhāvo saddahitabboti. ‘‘Yathāvutto padaṭṭhāno hāro paripuṇṇo kiṃ, udāhu añño niddhāretvā yojetabbo atthi ki’’nti vattabbattā ‘‘niyutto padaṭṭhāno hāro’’ti vuttaṃ. Idha pāḷiyaṃ avibhattampi yathālābhavasena padaṭṭhāno hāro nīharitvā yutto yujjitabbo, vibhajitabbanti vuttaṃ hoti.

Iti padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅge sattibalānurūpā racitā

Vibhāvanā niṭṭhitā.

Paṇḍitehi pana aṭṭhakathāṭīkānusārena gambhīrattho vitthārato vibhajitvā gahetabboti.