Āsavakkhayañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

248. Idha vipassanāpādakaṃ catutthajjhānacittaṃ veditabbaṃ, na lokiyābhiññāsu viya abhiññāpādakaṃ. Vipassanāpādakanti ca vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ, vipassanā ca nāmesā tividhā vipassakapuggalabhedena mahābodhisattānaṃ vipassanā, paccekabodhisattānaṃ vipassanā, sāvakānaṃ vipassanā cāti. Tattha mahābodhisattānaṃ, paccekabodhisattānañca vipassanā cintāmayañāṇasambandhikā sayambhuñāṇabhūtā, sāvakānaṃ pana sutamayañāṇasambandhikā paropadesasambhūtā. Sā ‘‘ṭhapetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ avasesarūpārūpajjhānānaṃ aññatarato vuṭṭhāyā’’tiādinā anekadhā, arūpamukhavasena catudhātuvavatthāne vuttānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhātupariggahamukhānañca aññataramukhavasena anekadhā ca visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.664) nānānayato vibhāvitā, mahābodhisattānaṃ pana catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena pabhedagamanato nānānayaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇasannissayassa ariyamaggañāṇassa adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ pubbabhāgañāṇagabbhaṃ gaṇhāpentaṃ paripākaṃ gacchantaṃ paramagambhīraṃ saṇhasukhumataraṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ hoti, yaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu ‘‘mahāvajirañāṇa’’nti vuccati, yassa ca pavattivibhāgena catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassappabhedassa pādakabhāvena samāpajjiyamānā catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhyā devasikaṃ satthu vaḷañjanasamāpattiyo vuccanti. Svāyaṃ buddhānaṃ vipassanācāro paramatthamañjusāyaṃ visuddhimaggavaṇṇanāyaṃ (visuddhi. ṭī. 1.144) uddesato ācariyena dassito, tato so atthikehi gahetabbo. Idha pana sāvakānaṃ vipassanāva adhippetā.

‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā’’ti idaṃ kiriyāpayojanabhūte tadatthe sampadānavacanaṃ, tasmā asatipi payojanavācake payojanavaseneva attho veditabboti āha ‘‘khayañāṇanibbattanatthāyā’’ti. Evamīdisesu. Nibbānaṃ, arahattamaggo ca ukkaṭṭhaniddesena idha khayo nāma, tattha ñāṇaṃ khayañāṇaṃ, tassa nibbattanasaṅkhāto attho payojanaṃ, tadatthāyāti attho. Khepeti pāpadhamme samucchindatīti khayo, maggo. So pana pāpakkhayo āsavakkhayena vinā natthi, tasmā ‘‘khaye ñāṇa’’nti (dha. sa. suttantadukamātikā 148) ettha khayaggahaṇena āsavakkhayova vuttoti dasseti ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayo’’ti iminā. Anuppāde ñāṇanti āsavānamanuppādabhūte ariyaphale ñāṇaṃ. Khīyiṃsu āsavā etthāti khayo, phalaṃ. Samitapāpatāya samaṇo, samitapāpatā ca nippariyāyato arahattaphalenevāti āha ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotīti ettha phala’’nti. Khayāti ca khīṇattāti attho. Khīyanti āsavā etthāti khayo, nibbānaṃ. ‘‘Āsavakkhayā’’ti pana samāsavasena dvibhāvaṃ katvā vuttattā ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayo’’ti padassa atthuddhāre āsavakkhayapadaggahaṇaṃ.

‘‘Paravajjānupassissā’’tiādigāthā dhammapade (dha. pa. 253). Tattha ujjhānasaññinoti garahasaññino. Arāti dūrā. ‘‘Arā siṅghāmi vārija’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.234; jā. 1.6.116) viya hi dūratthoyaṃ nipāto. ‘‘Ārā’’tipi pāṭho. Arāsaddo viya ārāsaddopi dūratthe eko nipātoti veditabbo. Tadeva hi padaṃ saddasatthe udāhaṭaṃ. Kāmañca dhammapadaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘arahattamaggasaṅkhātā ārā dūraṃ gatova hotī’’ti (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 2.253) vuttaṃ, tathāpi āsavavaḍḍhiyā saṅkhāre vaḍḍhento visaṅkhārato suvidūradūro, tasmā ‘‘ārā so āsavakkhayā’’ti ettha āsavakkhayapadaṃ visaṅkhārādhivacanampi sambhavatīti āha ‘‘nibbāna’’nti. Khayanaṃ khayo, āsavānaṃ khaṇanirodho. Sesaṃ tassa pariyāyavacanaṃ. Bhaṅgo āsavānaṃ khayoti vuttoti yojanā. Idha pana nibbānampi maggopi avinābhāvato. Na hi nibbānamanārabbha maggeneva āsavānaṃ khayo hotīti.

Tanninnanti tasmiṃ āsavānaṃ khayañāṇe ninnaṃ. Sesaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ idaṃ dukkhanti dukkhassa ariyasaccassa paricchinditvā, anavasesetvā ca tadā tassa bhikkhuno paccakkhato gahitabhāvadassananti dassetuṃ ‘‘ettaka’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha hi ettakaṃ dukkhanti tassa paricchijja gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. Na ito bhiyyoti anavasesetvā gahitabhāvadassanaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘sabbampi dukkhasacca’’ntiādi. Sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhavasena pajānanameva yathābhūtaṃ pajānanaṃ nāmāti dasseti ‘‘sarasalakkhaṇapaṭivedhenā’’ti iminā. Rasoti sabhāvo rasitabbo jānitabboti katvā, attano raso saraso, so eva lakkhaṇaṃ, tassa asammohato paṭivijjhanenāti attho. Asammohato paṭivijjhanañca nāma yathā tasmiṃ ñāṇe pavatte pacchā dukkhasaccassa sarūpādiparicchede sammoho na hoti, tathā tassa pavattiyeva. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti. ‘‘Nibbattika’’nti iminā ‘‘dukkhaṃ samudeti etasmāti dukkhasamudayo’’ti nibbacanaṃ dasseti. Tadubhayanti dukkhaṃ, dukkhasamudayo ca. Yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvāti yaṃ nibbānaṃ maggassa ārammaṇapaccayaṭṭhena kāraṇabhūtaṃ āgamma. Ṭhānanti hi kāraṇaṃ vuccati tiṭṭhati ettha phalaṃ tadāyattatāyāti katvā. Tadubhayaṃ patvāti ca tadubhayavato puggalassa tadubhayassa patti viya vuttā. Puggalasseva hi ārammaṇakaraṇavasena nibbānappatti, na tadubhayassa. Apica patvāti pāpuṇanahetu, puggalassa ārammaṇakaraṇavasena samāpajjanatoti attho. Asamānakattuke viya hi samānakattukepi tvāpaccayassa hetvatthe pavatti saddasatthesu pākaṭā. Appavattīti appavattinimittaṃ ‘‘na pavattati tadubhayametenā’’ti katvā, appavattiṭṭhānaṃ vā ‘‘na pavattati tadubhayametthā’’ti katvā, anena ca ‘‘dukkhaṃ nirujjhati ettha, etenāti vā dukkhanirodho’’ti nibbacanaṃ dasseti, dukkhasamudayassa pana gahaṇaṃ taṃnibbattakassa nirujjhanato tassāpi nirujjhanadassanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nibbānapadeyeva ta-saddo nivattatīti ayaṃ-saddo puna vutto. Sabbanāmikañhi padaṃ vuttassa vā liṅgassa gāhakaṃ, vuccamānassa vā. Tassāti dukkhanirodhassa. Sampāpakanti sacchikaraṇavasena sammadeva pāpakaṃ, etena ca ‘‘dukkhanirodhaṃ gamayati, gacchati vā etāyāti dukkhanirodhagāminī, sāyeva paṭipadā dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadā’’ti nibbacanaṃ dasseti.

Kilesavasenāti āsavasaṅkhātakilesavasena. Tadeva āsavapariyāyena dassento puna āha, tasmā na ettha punaruttidosoti adhippāyo. Pariyāyadesanābhāvo nāma hi āveṇiko buddhadhammoti heṭṭhā vuttovāyamattho. Nanu ca āsavānaṃ dukkhasaccapariyāyova atthi, na sesasaccapariyāyo, atha kasmā sarūpato dassitasaccāniyeva kilesavasena pariyāyato puna dassento evamāhāti vuttanti? Saccaṃ, taṃsambandhattā pana sesasaccānaṃ taṃsamudayādipariyāyopi labbhatīti katvā evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Dukkhasaccapariyāyabhūtaāsavasambandhāni hi āsavasamudayādīnīti, saccāni dassentotipi yojetabbaṃ. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā’’ti āraddhattā cettha āsavānameva gahaṇaṃ, na sesakilesānaṃ tathā anāraddhattāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hi ‘‘kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.248; ma. ni. 1.433; 3.19) āsavavimuttasīseneva sabbakilesavimutti vuttā. ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’tiādinā missakamaggova idha kathito lokiyavipassanāya lokuttaramaggassa missakattāti vuttaṃ ‘‘saha vipassanāya koṭippattaṃ maggaṃ kathesī’’ti. ‘‘Jānato passato’’ti iminā tayopi pariññāsacchikiriyābhāvanābhisamayā vuttā catusaccapajānanāya eva catukiccasiddhito, pahānābhisamayo pana pārisesato ‘‘vimuccatī’’ti iminā vuttoti āha ‘‘maggakkhaṇaṃ dassetī’’ti. Cattāri hi kiccāni catusaccapajānanāya eva siddhāni. Yathāha ‘‘taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññātanti me bhikkhave pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 15; paṭi. ma. 2.29). Ayaṃ aṭṭhakathāmuttako nayo – jānato passatoti ca hetuniddeso, ‘‘jānanahetu passanahetu kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’tiādinā yojanā. Kāmañcettha jānanapassanakiriyānaṃ, vimuccanakiriyāya ca samānakālatā, tathāpi dhammānaṃ samānakālikānampi paccayapaccayuppannatā sahajātādikoṭiyā labbhatīti, hetugabbhavisesanatādassanametantipi vadanti.

Bhavāsavaggahaṇena cettha bhavarāgassa viya bhavadiṭṭhiyāpi samavarodhoti diṭṭhāsavassāpi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo, adhunā pana ‘‘diṭṭhāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’ti katthaci pāṭho dissati, so na porāṇo, pacchā pamādalikhitoti veditabbo. Bhayabheravasuttasaṃvaṇṇanādīsu (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.54) anekāsupi tatheva saṃvaṇṇitattā. Ettha ca kiñcāpi pāḷiyaṃ saccapaṭivedho aniyamitapuggalassa aniyamitakālavasena vutto, tathāpi abhisamayakāle tassa paccuppannataṃ upādāya ‘‘evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato’’ti vattamānakālaniddeso kato, so ca kāmaṃ kassaci maggakkhaṇato paraṃ yāvajjatanā atītakāliko eva, sabbapaṭhamaṃ panassa atītakālikattaṃ phalakkhaṇena veditabbanti āha ‘‘vimuttasminti iminā phalakkhaṇa’’nti. Paccavekkhaṇañāṇanti phalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ tathā ceva vuttattā. Taggahaṇena pana tadavinābhāvato sesāni niravasesāni gahetabbāni, ekadesāni vā aparipuṇṇāyapi paccavekkhaṇāya sambhavato. ‘‘Khīṇā jātī’’tiādīhi padehi ‘‘nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti padapariyosānehi. Tassāti paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa. Bhūminti pavattiṭṭhānaṃ. Nanu ca ‘‘vimuttasmiṃ vimutta’’nti vuttaṃ phalameva tassa ārammaṇasaṅkhātā bhūmi, atha kathaṃ ‘‘khīṇā jātī’’tiādīhi tassa bhūmidassananti codanaṃ sodhetuṃ ‘‘tena hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇena vijjamānassāpi kammassa āyatiṃ appaṭisandhikabhāvato ‘‘khīṇā jātī’’ti pajānāti, yasmā ca maggapaccavekkhaṇādīhi ‘‘vusitaṃ brahmacariya’’ntiādīni pajānāti, tasmā ‘‘khīṇā jātī’’tiādīhi tassa bhūmidassananti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Tena ñāṇenā’’ti hi yathārutato, avinābhāvato ca gahitena pañcavidhena paccavekkhaṇañāṇenāti attho.

‘‘Khīṇā jātī’’ti ettha sotujanānaṃ suviññāpanatthaṃ parammukhā viya codanaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti ‘‘katamā panā’’tiādinā. Yena panādhippāyena codanā katā, tadadhippāyaṃ pakāsetvā parihāraṃ vattukāmo ‘‘na tāvassā’’tiādimāha. ‘‘Na tāva…pe… vijjamānattā’’ti vakkhamānameva hi atthaṃ manasi katvā ayaṃ codanā samuṭṭhāpitā, tattha na tāvassa atītā jāti khīṇāti assa bhikkhuno atītā jāti, na tāva maggabhāvanāya khīṇā. Tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘pubbeva khīṇattā’’ti, maggabhāvanāya purimatarameva nirujjhanavasena khīṇattāti adhippāyo. Na anāgatā assa jāti khīṇā maggabhāvanāyāti yojanā. Tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘anāgate vāyāmābhāvato’’ti, idañca anāgatabhāvasāmaññameva gahetvā lesena codanādhippāyavibhāvanatthaṃ vadati, na anāgatavisesaṃ anāgate maggabhāvanāya khepanapayogābhāvatoti attho. Vijjamāneyeva hi payogo sambhavati, na avijjamāneti vuttaṃ hoti. Anāgataviseso panettha adhippeto, tassa ca khepane vāyāmopi labbhateva. Tenāha ‘‘yā pana maggassā’’tiādi. Anāgatavisesoti ca abhāvite magge uppajjanāraho anantarajātibhedo vuccati. Na paccuppannā assa jāti khīṇā maggabhāvanāyāti yojanā. Tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘vijjamānattā’’ti, ekabhavapariyāpannatāya vijjamānattāti attho. Tattha tattha bhave paṭhamābhinibbattilakkhaṇā hi jāti. ‘‘Yā panā’’tiādinā pana maggabhāvanāya kilesahetuvināsanamukhena anāgatajātiyā eva khīṇabhāvo pakāsitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ekacatupañcavokārabhavesūti bhavattayaggahaṇaṃ vuttanayena anavasesato jātiyā khīṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ, pubbapadadvayepettha uttarapadalopo. Ekacatupañcakkhandhappabhedāti etthāpi eseva nayo. ‘‘Taṃ so’’tiādi ‘‘kathañca naṃ pajānātī’’ti codanāya sodhanāvacanaṃ. Tattha tanti yathāvuttaṃ jātiṃ. Soti khīṇāsavo bhikkhu. Paccavekkhitvāti pajānanāya pubbabhāge pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇadassanaṃ. Evañca katvā paccavekkhaṇaparamparāya tathā pajānanā siddhāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paccavekkhaṇantaravibhāvanatthameva hi ‘‘jānanto pajānātī’’ti vattamānavacanadvayaṃ vuttaṃ, jānanto hutvā, jānanahetu vā pajānāti nāmāti attho.

Brahmacariyavāso nāma ukkaṭṭhaniddesato maggabrahmacariyassa nibbattanamevāti āha ‘‘parivuttha’’nti, samantato niravasesena vasitaṃ pariciṇṇanti attho. Kasmā panidaṃ so atītakālavasena pajānātīti anuyogenāha ‘‘puthujjanakalyāṇakena hi saddhi’’ntiādi. Puthujjanakalyāṇakopi hi heṭṭhā vuttalakkhaṇo sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno nāma dakkhiṇavibhaṅgasuttādīsu (ma. ni. 3.379) tathā eva vuttattā. Vasanti nāmāti vasantā eva nāma honti, na vutthavāsā. Tasmāti vutthavāsattā. Nanu ca ‘‘so ‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’tiādinā pāḷiyaṃ sammādiṭṭhiyeva vuttā, na sammāsaṅkappādayo, atha kasmā ‘‘catūsu saccesu catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanāvasena soḷasavidhaṃ kiccaṃ niṭṭhāpita’’nti aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa sādhāraṇato vuttanti? Sammāsaṅkappādīnampi catukiccasādhanavasena pavattito. Sammādiṭṭhiyā hi catūsu saccesu pariññādikiccasādhanavasena pavattamānāya sammāsaṅkappādīnampi sesānaṃ dukkhasacce pariññābhisamayānuguṇāva pavatti, itarasaccesu ca nesaṃ pahānābhisamayādivasena pavatti pākaṭā evāti. Dukkhanirodhamaggesu yathākkamaṃ pariññāsacchikiriyābhāvanāpi yāvadeva samudayapahānatthāti katvā tadattheyeva tāsaṃ pakkhipanena ‘‘kataṃ karaṇīya’’nti padassa adhippāyaṃ vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘tenā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Dukkhamūlaṃ samucchinna’’nti imināpi tadeva pakārantarena vibhāveti.

Kasmā panettha ‘‘kataṃ karaṇīya’’nti atītaniddeso katoti āha ‘‘puthujjanakalyāṇakādayo’’tiādi. Ime pakārā itthaṃ, tabbhāvo itthattanti dasseti ‘‘itthabhāvāyā’’ti iminā, āya-saddo ca sampadānatthe, tadatthāyāti attho. Te pana pakārā ariyamaggabyāpārabhūtā pariññādayo idhādhippetāti vuttaṃ ‘‘evaṃ soḷasakiccabhāvāyā’’ti. Te hi maggaṃ paccavekkhato maggānubhāvena pākaṭā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti magge paccavekkhite taṃkiccapaccavekkhaṇāyapi sukhena siddhito. Evaṃ sādhāraṇato catūsu maggesu paccekaṃ catukiccavasena soḷasakiccabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā tesupi kiccesu pahānameva padhānaṃ tadatthattā itaresaṃ pariññādīnanti tadeva visesato pakāsetuṃ ‘‘kilesakkhayabhāvāya vā’’ti āha.

Apica purimanayena paccavekkhaṇaparamparāya paccavekkhaṇavidhiṃ dassetvā idāni padhānattā pahīnakilesapaccavekkhaṇavidhimeva dassetuṃ evaṃ vuttantipi daṭṭhabbaṃ. Dutiyavikappe ayaṃ pakāro itthaṃ, tabbhāvo itthattaṃ, āyasaddo cettha sampadānavacanassa kāriyabhūto nissakkattheti dasseti ‘‘itthabhāvato’’ti iminā. ‘‘Imasmā evaṃ pakārā’’ti pana vadanto pakāro nāma pakāravantato atthato bhedo natthi. Yadi hi so bhedo assa, tasseva so pakāro na siyā, tasmā itthaṃ-saddo pakāravantavācako, atthato pana abhedepi sati avayavāvayavitādinā bhedaparikappanāvasena siyā kiñci bhedamatthaṃ, tasmā itthattasaddo pakāravācakoti dasseti. Ayamidha ṭīkāyaṃ, (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.248) majjhimāgamaṭīkāvinayaṭīkādīsu (sārattha. ṭī. 1.14) ca āgatanayo.

Saddavidū pana pavattinimittānusārena evamicchanti – ayaṃ pakāro assāti itthaṃ, pakāravanto. Vicitrā hi taddhitavutti. Tassa bhāvo itthattaṃ, pakāro, imamatthaṃ dassento ‘‘itthabhāvato imasmā evaṃ pakārā’’ti āhāti. Paṭhamavikappepi yathārahaṃ esa nayo. Idāni vattamānakhandhasantānāti sarūpakathanaṃ. Aparanti anāgataṃ. ‘‘Ime pana pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhantī’’ti idāni pāṭho, ‘‘ime pana carimakattabhāvasaṅkhātā pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhantī’’ti pana majjhimāgamavinayaṭīkādīsu, (sārattha. ṭī. 1.14) idha ca ṭīkāyaṃ (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.248) ulliṅgitapāṭho. Tattha carimakattabhāvasaṅkhātāti ekasantatipariyāpannabhāvena pacchimakattabhāvakathitā. Pariññātāti maggena paricchijja ñātā. Tiṭṭhantīti appatiṭṭhā anokāsā tiṭṭhanti. Etena hi tesaṃ khandhānaṃ apariññāmūlābhāvena apatiṭṭhābhāvaṃ dasseti. Apariññāmūlikā hi patiṭṭhā, tadabhāvato pana appatiṭṭhābhāvo. Yathāha ‘‘kabaḷīkāre ce bhikkhave āhāre atthi rāgo, atthi nandī, atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ viruḷha’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.64; kathā. 296; mahāni. 7). Tadupamaṃ vibhāveti ‘‘chinnamūlakā rukkhā viyā’’ti iminā, yathā chinnamūlakā rukkhā mūlābhāvato appatiṭṭhā anokāsā tiṭṭhanti, evametepi apariññāmūlābhāvatoti. Ayamettha opammasaṃsandanā. Carimakacittanirodhenāti parinibbānacittanirodhena. Anupādānoti anindhano. Apaṇṇattikabhāvanti yesu khandhesu vijjamānesu tathā tathā parikappanāsiddhā paññatti, tadabhāvato tassāpi dharamānakapaññattiyā abhāvena apaññattikabhāvaṃ gamissanti. Paṇṇatti paññattīti hi atthato ekaṃ yathā ‘‘paññāsa paṇṇāsā’’ti. Paññāsa paṇṇādesoti hi akkharacintakā vadanti.

249. Yebhuyyena saṃkhipati saṅkucito bhavatīti saṅkhepo, pabbatamatthakaṃ. Tañhi pabbatapādato anukkamena bahulaṃ saṃkhittaṃ saṅkucitaṃ hoti. Tenāha ‘‘pabbatamatthake’’ti, pabbatasikhareti attho. Ayaṃ aṭṭhakathāmuttako nayo – saṅkhipīyati pabbatabhāvena gaṇīyatīti saṅkhepo, pabbatapariyāpanno padeso, tasmiṃ pabbatapariyāpanne padeseti atthoti. Anāviloti akālusiyo, sā cassa anāvilatā kaddamābhāvena hotīti āha ‘‘nikkaddamo’’ti. Sapati apadāpi samānā gacchatīti sippi, khuddakā sippi sippiyo kā-kārassa ya-kāraṃ katvā, yo ‘‘muttiko’’tipi vuccati. Savati pasavatīti sambuko, yaṃ ‘‘jalasutti, saṅkhalikā’’ti ca voharanti. Samāhāre yebhuyyato napuṃsakapayogoti vuttaṃ ‘‘sippiyasambuka’’nti. Evamīdisesu. Sakkharāti muṭṭhippamāṇā pāsāṇā. Kathalānīti kapālakhaṇḍāni. Samūhavācakassa ghaṭāsaddassa itthi liṅgassāpi dissanato ‘‘gumba’’nti padassatthaṃ dasseti ‘‘ghaṭā’’ti iminā.

Kāmañca ‘‘sippiyasambukampi sakkharakathalampi macchagumbampi tiṭṭhantampi carantampī’’ti ettha sakkharakathalaṃ tiṭṭhatiyeva, sippiyasambukamacchagumbāni carantipi tiṭṭhantipi, tathāpi sahacaraṇanayena sabbāneva caranti viya evaṃ vuttanti atthaṃ dassento ‘‘tiṭṭhantampi carantampīti etthā’’tiādimāha. Tattha hi ‘‘sakkharakathalaṃ tiṭṭhatiyevā’’tiādinā yathāsambhavamatthaṃ dasseti, ‘‘yathā panā’’tiādinā pana sahacaraṇanayaṃ. Pana-saddo arucisaṃsūcane, tathāpīti attho. Antarantarāti bahūnaṃ gāvīnamantarantarā ṭhitāsu gāvīsu vijjamānāsupi. Gāvoti gāviyo. Itarāpīti ṭhitāpi nisinnāpi. Carantīti vuccanti sahacaraṇanayena. Tiṭṭhantamevātiādīsu ayamadhippāyo – sippiyasambukamacchagumbānaṃ caraṇakiriyāyapi yogato ṭhānakiriyāya anekantattā ekantato tiṭṭhantameva na kadācipi carantaṃ sakkharakathalaṃ upādāya sippiyasambukampi macchagumbampi tiṭṭhantanti vuttaṃ, na tu tesaṃ ṭhānakiriyamupādāya. Tesaṃ pana caraṇakiriyamupādāya ‘‘carantampī’’ti pi-saddalopo hettha daṭṭhabbo. Itarampi dvayanti sippiyasambukamacchagumbaṃ padavasena evaṃ vuttaṃ. Itarañca dvayanti sippiyasambukamacchagumbameva. Carantanti vuttanti etthāpi tesaṃ ṭhānakiriyamupādāya ‘‘tiṭṭhantampī’’ti pi-saddalopo, evamettha aṭṭhakathācariyehi sahacaraṇanayo dassito, ācariyadhammapālattherena pana yathālābhanayopi. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘kiṃ vā imāya sahacariyāya, yathālābhaggahaṇaṃ panettha daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sakkharakathalassa hi vasena tiṭṭhantanti, sippisambukassa macchagumbassa ca vasena tiṭṭhantampi carantampīti evaṃ yojanā kātabbā’’ti (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.249). Alabbhamānassāpi atthassa sahayogīvasena desanāmattaṃ pati sahacaraṇanayo, sādhāraṇato desitassāpi atthassa sambhavavasena vivecanaṃ pati yathālābhanayoti ubhayathāpi yujjati.

Evampettha vadanti – aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘sakkharakathalaṃ tiṭṭhatiyeva, itarāni carantipi tiṭṭhantipī’’ti iminā yathālābhanayo dassito yathāsambhavaṃ atthassa vivecitattā, ‘‘yathā panā’’tiādinā pana sahacaraṇanayo alabbhamānassāpi atthassa sahayogīvasena desanāmattassa vibhāvitattāti, tadetampi anupavajjameva atthassa yuttattā, aṭṭhakathāyañca tathā dassanassāpi sambhavatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Tatthā’’tiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Tīreti udakarahadassa tīre. Udakarahado ca nāma katthaci samuddopi vuccati ‘‘rahadopi tattha gambhīro, samuddo saritodako’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.278). Katthaci jalāsayopi ‘‘rahadopi tattha dharaṇī nāma, yato meghā pavassanti, vassā yato patāyantī’’tiādīsu, (dī. ni. 3.281) idhāpi jalāsayoyeva. So hi udakavasena raho cakkhurahādikaṃ dadātīti udakarahado o-kārassa a-kāraṃ katvā. Saddavidū pana ‘‘udakaṃ haratīti udakarahado niruttinayenā’’ti vadanti.

‘‘Ettāvatā’’tiādinā catutthajjhānāntaraṃ dassitavipassanāñāṇato paṭṭhāya yathāvuttatthassa sampiṇḍanaṃ. Tattha ettāvatāti ‘‘puna caparaṃ mahārāja bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharatī’’tiādinā ettakena, etaparimāṇavantena vā vacanakkamena. Vipassanāñāṇanti ñāṇadassananāmena dassitaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ, tassa ca visuṃ gaṇanadassanena heṭṭhā catutthajjhānānantaraṃ vattabbatākāraṇesu tīsu nayesu tatiyanayasseva yuttatarabhāvopi dīpitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Manomayañāṇassa iddhividhasamavarodhitabhāve visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.379 ādayo) vuttepi idha pāḷiyaṃ visuṃ desitattā visuṃ eva gahaṇaṃ, tathā desanā ca pāṭiyekkasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalatthāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Anāgataṃsañāṇayathākammūpagañāṇadvayassa pāḷiyaṃ anāgatattā ‘‘dibbacakkhuvasena nipphanna’’nti vuttaṃ, tabbasena nipphannattā taggahaṇeneva gahitaṃ taṃ ñāṇadvayanti vuttaṃ hoti. Dibbacakkhussa hi anāgataṃsañāṇaṃ, yathākammūpagañāṇañcāti dvepi ñāṇāni paribhaṇḍāni hontīti. Dibbacakkhuñāṇanti cutūpapātañāṇanāmena dassitaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ.

Sabbesaṃ pana dasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ārammaṇavibhāgassa visuddhimagge anāgatattā tatthānāgatañāṇānaṃ ārammaṇavibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tesa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tesanti dasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ. Tatthāti tasmiṃ ārammaṇavibhāge, tesu vā dasasu ñāṇesu. Bhūmibhedato parittamahaggataṃ, kālabhedato atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ, santānabhedato ajjhattabahiddhā cāti vipassanāñāṇaṃ sattavidhārammaṇaṃ. Parittārammaṇāditikattayeneva hi tassa ārammaṇavibhāgo, na maggārammaṇatikena. Nimmitarūpāyatanamattamevāti attanā nimmitaṃ rūpārammaṇameva, attanā vā nimmite manomaye kāye vijjamānaṃ rūpāyatanamevātipi yujjati. Idañhi tassa ñāṇassa abhinimmiyamāne manomaye kāye rūpāyatanamevārabbha pavattanato vuttaṃ, na pana tattha gandhāyatanādīnamabhāvato. Na hi rūpakalāpo gandhāyatanādivirahito atthīti sabbathā parinipphannameva nimmitarūpaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘parittapaccuppannabahiddhārammaṇa’’nti, yathākkamaṃ bhūmikālasantānabhedato tibbidhārammaṇanti attho. Nibbānavasena ekadhammārammaṇampi samānaṃ āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ parittārammaṇāditikavasena tividhārammaṇaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘appamāṇabahiddhānavattabbārammaṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Tañhi parittatikavasena appamāṇārammaṇaṃ, ajjhattikavasena bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, atītatikavasena navattabbārammaṇañca hoti.

Uttaritarasaddo, paṇītatarasaddo ca pariyāyoti dasseti ‘‘seṭṭhatara’’nti iminā. Ratanakūṭaṃ viya kūṭāgārassa arahattaṃ kūṭaṃ uttamaṅgabhūtaṃ bhagavato desanāya arahattapariyosānattāti āha ‘‘arahattanikūṭenā’’ti. Desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesīti titthakaramataharavibhāviniṃ nānāvidhakuhanalapanādimicchājīvaviddhaṃsiniṃ tividhasīlālaṅkataparamasallekhapaṭipattiparidīpiniṃ jhānābhiññādiuttarimanussadhammavibhūsiniṃ cuddasavidhamahāsāmaññphalapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ anaññasādhāraṇaṃ sāmaññaphaladesanaṃ ratanāgāraṃ viya ratanakūṭena arahattakūṭena niṭṭhāpesi ‘‘vimuttasmi’’nti iminā, arahattaphalassa desitattāti attho.