Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

Vinayavinicchayaṭīkā

(Paṭhamo bhāgo)

Ganthārambhakathā

(Ka)

Ādiccavaṃsambarapātubhūtaṃ;

Byāmappabhāmaṇḍaladevacāpaṃ;

Dhammambunijjhāpitapāpaghammaṃ;

Vandāmahaṃ buddha mahambuvantaṃ.

(Kha)

Pasannagambhīrapadāḷisotaṃ;

Nānānayānantataraṅgamālaṃ;

Sīlādikhandhāmitamacchagumbaṃ;

Vandāmahaṃ dhamma mahāsavantiṃ.

(Ga)

Sīloruvelaṃ dhutasaṅkhamālaṃ;

Santosatoyaṃ samathūmicittaṃ;

Padhānakiccaṃ adhicittasāraṃ;

Vandāmahaṃ saṅgha mahāsamuddaṃ.

(Gha)

Ye tantidhammaṃ munirājaputtā;

Yāvajjakālaṃ paripālayantā;

Saṃvaṇṇanaṃ nimmalamānayiṃsu;

Te pubbake cācariye namāmi.

(Ṅa)

Yo dhammasenāpatitulyanāmo;

Tathūpamo sīhaḷadīpadīpo;

Mamaṃ mahāsāmimahāyatindo;

Pāpesi vuḍḍhiṃ jinasāsanamhi.

(Ca)

Ṭīkā katā aṭṭhakathāya yena;

Samantapāsādikanāmikāya;

Aṅguttarāyaṭṭhakathāya ceva;

Satthantarassāpi ca jotisatthaṃ.

(Cha)

Nikāyasāmaggividhāyakena;

Raññā parakkantibhujena sammā;

Laṅkissarenāpi katopahāraṃ;

Vande garuṃ gāravabhājanaṃ taṃ.

(Ja)

Namassamānohamalatthamevaṃ;

Vatthuttayaṃ vanditavandaneyyaṃ;

Yaṃ puññasandohamamandabhūtaṃ;

Tassānubhāvena hatantarāyo.

(Jha)

Yo buddhaghosācariyāsabhena;

Viññuppasatthenapi suppasattho;

So buddhadattācariyābhidhāno;

Mahākavī theriyavaṃsadīpo.

(Ña)

Akāsi yaṃ vinayavinicchayavhayaṃ;

Sauttaraṃ pakaraṇamuttamaṃ hitaṃ;

Apekkhataṃ vinayanayesu pāṭavaṃ;

Purāsi yaṃ vivaraṇamassa sīhaḷaṃ.

(Ṭa)

Yasmā na dīpantarikānamatthaṃ;

Sādheti bhikkhūnamasesato taṃ;

Tasmā hi sabbattha yatīnamatthaṃ;

Āsīsamānena dayālayena.

(Ṭha)

Sumaṅgalattheravarena yasmā;

Sakkacca kalyāṇamanorathena;

Nayaññunāraññanivāsikena;

Ajjhesito sādhuguṇākarena.

(Ḍa)

Ākaṅkhamānena cirappavattiṃ;

Dhammassa dhammissaradesitassa;

Coḷappadīpena ca buddhamitta-

Ttherena saddhādiguṇoditena.

(Ḍha)

Tathā mahākassapaavhayena;

Therena sikkhāsu sagāravena;

Kudiṭṭhimattebhavidārakena;

Sīhena coḷāvanipūjitena.

(Ṇa)

Yo dhammakittīti pasatthanāmo;

Tenāpi saddhena upāsakena;

Sīlādinānāguṇamaṇḍitena;

Saddhammakāmenidha paṇḍitena.

(Ta)

Saddhena paññāṇavatā vaḷattā-;

Maṅgalyavaṃsena mahāyasena;

Āyācito vāṇijabhāṇunāpi;

Varaññunā sādhuguṇodayena.

(Tha)

Tasmā tamāropiya pāḷibhāsaṃ;

Nissāya pubbācariyopadesaṃ;

Hitvā nikāyantaraladdhidosaṃ;

Katvātivitthāranayaṃ samāsaṃ.

(Da)

Avuttamatthañca pakāsayanto;

Pāṭhakkamañcāpi avokkamanto;

Saṃvaṇṇayissāmi tadatthasāraṃ;

Ādāya ganthantaratopi sāraṃ.

(Dha)

Ciraṭṭhitiṃ patthayatā janānaṃ;

Hitāvahassāmalasāsanassa;

Mayā samāsena vidhīyamānaṃ;

Saṃvaṇṇanaṃ sādhu suṇantu santoti.

Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā

1-5.

.Suvipulāmalasaddhāpaññādiguṇasamudayāvahaṃ sakalajanahitekahetujinasāsanaṭṭhitimūlabhūtaṃ vinayappakaraṇamidamārabhantoyamācariyo pakaraṇārambhe ratanattayappaṇāmapakaraṇābhidhānābhidheyyakaraṇappakārapayojananimittakattuparimāṇādīni dassetumāha ‘‘vanditvā’’tiādi. Tattha ratanattayaṃ nāma.

‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;

Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 3.5.223; khu. pā. aṭṭha. 6.3; su. ni. aṭṭha. 1.226; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50) –

Niddiṭṭhasabhāvaṃ

‘‘Buddho sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, dhammo lokuttaro nava;

Saṅgho maggaphalaṭṭho ca, iccetaṃ ratanattaya’’nti. –

Vibhāvitappabhedaṃ sakalabhavadukkhavinivāraṇaṃ tibhavenekapaṭisaraṇaṃ vatthuttayaṃ.

Tassa paṇāmo nāma paṇāmakiriyānipphādikā cetanā. Sā tividhā kāyapaṇāmo vacīpaṇāmo manopaṇāmoti. Tattha kāyapaṇāmo nāma ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇapubbikā añjalikammādikāyakiriyāvasappavattikā kāyaviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā. Vacīpaṇāmo nāma tatheva pavattā nānāvidhaguṇavisesavibhāvanasabhāvathomanākiriyāvasappavattikā vacīviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā. Manopaṇāmo nāma ubhayaviññattiyo asamuṭṭhāpetvā kevalaṃ guṇānussaraṇena cittasantānassa tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāratāya gāravabahumānanavasappavattisādhikā cetanā.

Imassa tāva ratanattayapaṇāmassa dassanaṃ yathādhippetatthasādhanatthaṃ. Guṇātisayayogena hi paṇāmārahe ratanattaye kato paṇāmo puññavisesabhāvato icchitatthābhinipphattivibandhakena upaghātakena, upapīḷakena ca apuññakammena upanīyamānassa upaddavajālassa vinivāraṇena yathāladdhasampattinimittakassa puññakammassa anubalappadānena ca tabbipākasantatiyā āyusukhabalādivaḍḍhanena ca cirakālappavattihetukoti yathādhippetapakaraṇanipphattinibandhanako hoti. Athāpi sotūnañca vandanīyavandanāpubbakenārambhena anantarāyena uggahaṇadhāraṇādikkamena pakaraṇāvabodhappayojanasādhanatthaṃ. Apica sotūnameva viññātasatthukānaṃ bhagavato yathābhūtaguṇavisesānussavanena samupajātappasādānaṃ pakaraṇe gāravuppādanatthaṃ, aviññātasatthukānaṃ pana pakaraṇassa svākhyātatāya tappabhave satthari gāravuppādanatthañca sotujanānuggahameva padhānaṃ katvā ācariyehi ganthārambhe thutippaṇāmaparidīpakānaṃ gāthāvākyānaṃ nikkhepo vidhīyati. Itarathā vināpi tannikkhepaṃ kāyamanopaṇāmenāpi yathādhippetappayojanasiddhito kimetena ganthagāravakarenāti ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārato pana paṇāmappayojanaṃ sāratthadīpaniyādīsu (sārattha. ṭī. 1.ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā; vi. vi. ṭī. 2.ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā) dassitanayeneva ñātabbaṃ.

Abhidhānakathanaṃ pana vohārasukhatthaṃ. Abhidheyyassa samuditena pakaraṇena paṭipādetabbassa kathanaṃ pakaraṇassa ārabhitabbasabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Viditāninditasātthakasukarānuṭṭhānābhi dheyyameva hi pakaraṇaṃ parikkhakajanā ārabhitabbaṃ maññantīti. Karaṇappakārasandassanaṃ sotujanasamussāhanatthaṃ. Anākulamasaṃkiṇṇatādippakārena hi viracitaṃ pakaraṇaṃ sotāro sotumussahantīti. Payojanakathanaṃ pana pakaraṇajjhāyane sotujanasamuttejanatthaṃ. Asati hi payojanakathane aviññātappayojanā ajjhāyane byāvaṭā na hontīti. Nimittakathanaṃ sarikkhakajanānaṃ pakaraṇe gāravuppādanatthaṃ. Pasatthakāraṇuppanneyeva hi pakaraṇe sarikkhakā gāravaṃ janentīti.

Kattukathanaṃ puggalagarukassa pakaraṇe gāravo puggalagāravenapi hotūti. Parimāṇakathanaṃ asajjhāyanādipasutānaṃ sampahaṃsanatthaṃ. Pakaraṇaparimāṇassavanena hi te sampahaṭṭhā ‘‘kittakamidamappakaṃ na cireneva parisamāpessāmā’’ti sajjhāyanādīsu vattantīti. Ādi-saddena sakkaccasavananiyojanaṃ saṅgahitaṃ, taṃ sabbasampattinidānasutamayañāṇanipphādanatthaṃ. Asakkaccaṃ suṇamānassa ca savanābhāvato taṃhetukassa sutamayañāṇassāpi abhāvoti. Tathā hi vikkhittacitto puggalo sabbasampattiyā vuccamānopi ‘‘na mayā sutaṃ, puna bhaṇitabba’’nti bhaṇati.

Tattha paṭhamagāthāyaṃ tāva ‘‘vanditvā’’ti iminā tividhopi paṇāmo avisesato dassito. Visesato pana ‘‘seṭṭhaṃ, appaṭipuggalaṃ, bhavābhāvakaraṃ, niraṅgaṇa’’nti imehi catūhi padehi vacīpaṇāmo, ‘‘sirasā’’ti iminā kāyappaṇāmo, ‘‘buddhaṃ, dhammaṃ, gaṇañcā’’ti imehi pana tīhi padehi paṇāmakiriyāya kammabhūtaṃ ratanattayaṃ dassitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

‘‘Vinayassavinicchaya’’nti iminā abhidhānaṃ dassitaṃ aluttasamāsena vinayavinicchayanāmassa dassanato. Tassa anvatthabhāvena saddappavattinimittabhūtaṃ sakalenānena pakaraṇena paṭipādetabbamabhidheyyampi teneva dassitaṃ. ‘‘Samāsenā’’ti ca ‘‘anākulamasaṃkiṇṇaṃ, madhuratthapadakkama’’nti ca etehi karaṇappakāro dassito. ‘‘Hitatthāyā’’ti ca ‘‘paṭubhāvakaraṃ vinayakkame’’ti ca ‘‘apāraṃ otarantāna’’ntiādinā ca payojanaṃ. ‘‘Bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīna’’nti iminā bāhiranimittaṃ dassitaṃ. Abbhantaranimittaṃ pana bāhiranimittabhūtabhikkhubhikkhunivisayā karuṇā, sā ācariyassa pakaraṇārambheneva viññāyatīti visuṃ na vuttā. ‘‘Pavakkhāmī’’ti iminā samānādhikaraṇabhāvena labbhamāno ‘‘aha’’nti suddhakattā sāmaññena dassito. Visesato pana pakaraṇāvasāne –

‘‘Racito buddhadattena, suddhacittena dhīmatā;

Suciraṭṭhitikāmena, sāsanassa mahesino’’ti. (u. vi. 961) –

Imāya gāthāya ceva ‘‘iti tambapaṇṇiyena paramaveyyākaraṇena tipiṭakanayavidhikusalena paramakavivarajana hadayapadumavanavikasanakarena kavivarāsabhena paramaratikaravaramadhuravacanuggārena uragapurena buddhadattena racitoyaṃ vinayavinicchayo’’ti (vi. vi. 3183) iminā vākyena ca dassito – ‘‘mādisāpi kavī honti, buddhadatte divaṅgate’’tiādinā pacchimakehi ca pasatthatarehi kavivarehi abhitthutaguṇo bhadantabuddhadattācariyo veditabbo. Hetukattā ca tattheva vakkhamāno pakaraṇajjhesane katādhīno buddhasīhamahāthero, so –

‘‘Vuttassa buddhasīhena;

Vinayassa vinicchayo;

Buddhasīhaṃ samuddissa;

Mama saddhivihārikaṃ;

Katoyaṃ pana bhikkhūnaṃ;

Hitatthāya samāsato’’ti. (vi. vi. 3177-3178) –

Evaṃ dassito.

Uttarappakaraṇassa hetukattā pana saṅghapālamahāthero, sopi –

‘‘Khantisoraccasosilya-buddhisaddhādayādayo;

Patiṭṭhitā guṇā yasmiṃ, ratanānīva sāgare.

‘‘Vinayācārayuttena, tena sakkacca sādaraṃ;

Yācito saṅghapālena, therena thiracetasā.

‘‘Suciraṭṭhitikāmena, vinayassa mahesino;

Bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭavatthāya, vinayassavinicchaye;

Akāsiṃ paramaṃ etaṃ, uttaraṃ nāma nāmato’’ti. (u. vi. 965-968) –

Evaṃ dassito. Na kevalamete dveyeva mahātherā hetukattāro, atha kho mahāvaṃsādīsu –

‘‘Buddhassa viya gambhīra-

Ghosattā taṃ viyākaruṃ;

‘Buddhaghoso’ti yo so hi;

Buddho viya mahītale’’ti. –

Ādinā nayena abhitthutaguṇo tipiṭakapariyattiyā aṭṭhakathākāro bhadantabuddhaghosācariyo ca anussutivasena ‘‘hetukattā’’ti veditabbo.

Kathaṃ? Ayaṃ kira bhadantabuddhadattācariyo laṅkādīpato sajātibhūmiṃ jambudīpamāgacchanto bhadantabuddhaghosācariyaṃ jambudīpavāsikehi paṭipattiparāyanehi yuttabyattaguṇopetehi mahātheravarehi katārādhanaṃ sīhaḷaṭṭhakathaṃ parivattetvā sakalajanasādhāraṇāya mūlabhāsāya tipiṭakapariyattiyā aṭṭhakathaṃ likhituṃ laṅkādīpaṃ gacchantaṃ antarāmagge disvā sākacchāya samupaparikkhitvā sabbalokātītena asadisena paṇḍiccaguṇena ratananidhidassane paramadaliddo viya balavaparitosaṃ patvā aṭṭhakathamassa kātukāmataṃ ñatvā ‘‘tumhe yathādhippetapariyantalikhitamaṭṭhakathaṃ amhākaṃ pesetha, mayamassā pakaraṇaṃ likhāmā’’ti tassa sammukhā paṭijānitvā tena ca ‘‘sādhu tathā kātabba’’nti ajjhesito abhidhammaṭṭhakathāya abhidhammāvatāraṃ, vinayaṭṭhakathāya sauttaraṃ vinayavinicchayapakaraṇañca akāsīti anussuyyateti.

‘‘Samāsenā’’ti iminā ca parimāṇampi sāmaññena dassitaṃ vitthāraparimāṇe tassa parimāṇasāmaññassa viññāyamānattā. Visesato pana paricchedaparimāṇaṃ ganthaparimāṇanti duvidhaṃ. Tattha paricchedaparimāṇaṃ imasmiṃ pakaraṇe kathāvohārena vuccati.

Seyyathidaṃ? – Pārājikakathā saṅghādisesakathā aniyatakathā nissaggiyakathā pācittiyakathā pāṭidesanīyakathā sekhiyakathāti bhikkhuvibhaṅgakathā sattavidhā, tato aniyatakathaṃ vajjetvā tatheva bhikkhunivibhaṅgakathā chabbidhā, mahākhandhakakathādikā bhikkhunikkhandhakakathāvasānā vīsatividhā khandhakakathā, kammakathā, kammavipattikathā, pakiṇṇakavinicchayo, kammaṭṭhānabhāvanāvidhānanti vinayavinicchaye kathāparicchedo sattatiṃsa.

Uttarappakaraṇe ca vuttanayena bhikkhuvibhaṅge sattavidhā kathā, bhikkhunivibhaṅge chabbidhā, tadanantarā vipattikathā, adhikaraṇapaccayakathā, khandhakapañhākathā, samuṭṭhānasīsakathā, āpattisamuṭṭhānakathā, ekuttaranayakathā, sedamocanakathā, vibhaṅgadvayanidānādikathā, sabbaṅgalakkhaṇakathā, parivārasaṅkalanakathāti chattiṃsa kathāparicchedā.

Nissandehe pana ‘‘aṭṭhatiṃsa kathāparicchedā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ ekuttaranaye adassitehipi dvādasakapannarasakanayehi saha soḷasaparicchede gahetvā appakaṃ ūnamadhikaṃ gaṇanūpagaṃ na hotīti katvā vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ubhayattha kathāparicchedaparimāṇaṃ tesattatividhaṃ hoti. Nissandehe ‘‘pañcasattatividhā’’ti vacane parihāro vuttanayova. Ganthaparimāṇaṃ pana vinayavinicchaye asītiganthādhikāni cattāri ganthasahassāni, uttare paññāsaganthādhikāni nava ganthasatāni honti. Tena vuttaṃ uttarāvasāne –

‘‘Gāthā catusahassāni, satañca ūnavīsati;

Parimāṇatoti viññeyyo, vinayassavinicchayo.

Paññāsādhikasaṅkhāni, nava gāthāsatāni hi;

Gaṇanā uttarassāyaṃ, chandasānuṭṭhubhena tū’’ti. (u. vi. 969-970);

Iccevaṃ vinayavinicchayo uttaro cāti dve pakaraṇāni tiṃsādhikāni pañcagāthāsahassāni. Ettha ca vinayavinicchayo nāma ubhatovibhaṅgakhandhakāgatavinicchayasaṅgāhakapakaraṇaṃ. Tato paraṃ parivāratthasaṅgāhakapakaraṇaṃ uttaro nāma. Teneva vakkhati –

‘‘Yo mayā racito sāro, vinayassavinicchayo;

Tassa dāni karissāmi, sabbānuttaramuttara’’nti. (u. vi. 2)