14. Etadaggavaggo

(14) 2. Dutiyaetadaggavaggo

Cūḷapanthakattheravatthu

198-200. Dutiyassa paṭhame manomayanti manena nibbattitaṃ. ‘‘Manomayena kāyena, iddhiyā upasaṅkamī’’ti (theragā. 901) vuttaṭṭhānasmiñhi manena katakāyo manomayakāyo nāma jāto. ‘‘Aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapajjatī’’ti (cūḷava. 333) vuttaṭṭhāne manena nibbattitakāyo manomayakāyo nāma jāto. Ayamidha adhippeto. Tattha aññe bhikkhū manomayaṃ kāyaṃ nibbattentā tayo vā cattāro vā nibbattenti, na bahuke. Ekasadiseyeva ca katvā nibbattenti ekavidhameva kammaṃ kurumāne. Cūḷapanthakatthero pana ekāvajjanena samaṇasahassaṃ māpesi. Dvepi ca jane na ekasadise akāsi na ekavidhaṃ kammaṃ kurumāne. Tasmā manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminantānaṃ aggo nāma jāto.

Cetovivaṭṭakusalānampi cūḷapanthakova aggo, saññāvivaṭṭakusalānaṃ pana mahāpanthakatthero aggoti vutto. Tattha cūḷapanthakatthero catunnaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ lābhitāya ‘‘cetovivaṭṭakusalo’’ti vutto, mahāpanthakatthero catunnaṃ arūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ lābhitāya ‘‘saññāvivaṭṭakusalo’’ti vutto. Cūḷapanthako ca samādhikusalatāya cetovivaṭṭakusalo nāma, mahāpanthako vipassanākusalatāya saññāvivaṭṭakusalo nāma. Eko cettha samādhilakkhaṇe cheko, eko vipassanālakkhaṇe. Tathā eko samādhigāḷho, eko vipassanāgāḷho. Eko cettha aṅgasaṃkhitte cheko, eko ārammaṇasaṃkhitte. Tathā eko aṅgavavatthāne cheko, eko ārammaṇavavatthāneti evamettha yojanā kātabbā.

Apica cūḷapanthakatthero rūpāvacarajjhānalābhī hutvā jhānaṅgehi vuṭṭhāya arahattaṃ pattoti cetovivaṭṭakusalo, mahāpanthako arūpāvacarajjhānalābhī hutvā jhānaṅgehi vuṭṭhāya arahattaṃ pattoti saññāvivaṭṭakusalo. Ubhopi panthe jātattā panthakā nāma jātā. Tesaṃ paṭhamajāto mahāpanthako nāma, pacchājāto cūḷapanthako nāma.

Imesaṃ pana ubhinnampi pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – atīte kira padumuttarabuddhakāle haṃsavatīnagaravāsino dve bhātikā kuṭumbikā saddhā pasannā nibaddhaṃ satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Tesu ekadivasaṃ kaniṭṭho satthāraṃ dvīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ ‘‘mama sāsane manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminantānaṃ cetovivaṭṭakusalānañca ayaṃ bhikkhu aggo’’ti etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘mahā vatāyaṃ bhikkhu eko hutvā dve aṅgāni paripūretvā carati, mayāpi anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane aṅgadvayapūrakena hutvā vicarituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. So purimanayeneva satthāraṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā evamāha – ‘‘yaṃ, bhante, bhikkhuṃ tumhe ito sattadivasamatthake manomayaṅgena ca cetovivaṭṭakusalaṅgena ca ‘ayaṃ mama sāsane aggo’ti etadagge ṭhapayittha, ahampi imassa adhikārakammassa phalena so bhikkhu viya aṅgadvayapūrako bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi.

Satthā anāgataṃ oloketvā anantarāyenassa patthanāya samijjhanabhāvaṃ disvā ‘‘anāgate kappasatasahassāvasāne gotamo nāma buddho uppajjissati, so taṃ imasmiṃ ṭhānadvaye ṭhapessatī’’ti byākaritvā anumodanaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Bhātāpissa ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ saññāvivaṭṭakusalaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā tatheva adhikāraṃ katvā patthanaṃ akāsi, satthāpi taṃ byākāsi.

Te ubhopi janā satthari dharamāne kusalakammaṃ karitvā satthu parinibbutakāle sarīracetiye suvaṇṇapūjaṃ katvā tato cutā devaloke nibbattā. Tesaṃ devamanussesu saṃsarantānaṃyeva kappasatasahassaṃ atikkantaṃ. Tattha mahāpanthakassa antarā katakalyāṇakammaṃ na kathiyati, cūḷapanthako pana kassapabhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā vīsati vassasahassāni odātakasiṇakammaṃ katvā devapure nibbatti. Atha amhākaṃ satthā abhisambodhiṃ patvā pavattitavaradhammacakko rājagahaṃ upanissāya veḷuvanamahāvihāre paṭivasati.

Imasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhatvā imesaṃ dvinnaṃ nibbattiṃ kathetuṃ vaṭṭati. Rājagahe kira dhanaseṭṭhikulassa dhītā attano dāseneva saddhiṃ santhavaṃ katvā ‘‘aññepi me imaṃ kammaṃ jāneyyu’’nti cintetvā evamāha – ‘‘amhehi imasmiṃ ṭhāne vasituṃ na sakkā, sace me mātāpitaro imaṃ dosaṃ jānissanti, khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ karissanti, videsaṃ gantvā vasissāmā’’ti hatthasāraṃ gahetvā aggadvārena nikkhamitvā ‘‘yattha vā tattha vā aññehi ajānanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā vasissāmā’’ti ubhopi agamaṃsu.

Tesaṃ ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vasantānaṃ saṃvāsamanvāya tassā kucchiyaṃ gabbho patiṭṭhāsi. Sā gabbhassa paripākaṃ āgamma sāmikena saddhiṃ mantesi – ‘‘gabbho me paripākaṃ gato, ñātimittādivirahite ṭhāne gabbhavuṭṭhānaṃ nāma ubhinnampi amhākaṃ dukkhameva, kulagehameva gacchāmā’’ti. So ‘‘ajja gacchāma, sve gacchāmā’’ti divase atikkamāpesi. Sā cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ bālo attano dosamahantāya gantuṃ na ussahati, mātāpitaro ca nāma ekantahitā, ayaṃ gacchatu vā mā vā, mayā gantuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Tasmiṃ gehā nikkhante sā gehe parikkhāraṃ paṭisāmetvā attano kulagharaṃ gatabhāvaṃ anantaragehavāsīnaṃ ārocetvā maggaṃ paṭipajji.

Atha so puriso gharaṃ āgato taṃ adisvā paṭivissake pucchitvā ‘‘kulagharaṃ gatā’’ti sutvā vegena anubandhitvā antarāmagge sampāpuṇi. Tassāpi tattheva gabbhavuṭṭhānaṃ ahosi. So ‘‘kiṃ idaṃ bhadde’’ti pucchi. Sāmi eko putto jātoti. Idāni kiṃ karissāmāti? Yassa atthāya mayaṃ kulagharaṃ gacchāma, taṃ kammaṃ antarāva nipphannaṃ, tattha gantvā kiṃ karissāma, nivattāmāti dvepi ekacittā hutvā nivattiṃsu. Tassa dārakassa ca panthe jātattā panthakoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Tassā nacirasseva aparopi gabbho patiṭṭhahi. Sabbaṃ purimanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ. Tassapi dārakassa panthe jātattā paṭhamajātassa mahāpanthakoti nāmaṃ katvā pacchājātassa cūḷapanthakoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu.

Te dvepi dārake gahetvā attano vasanaṭṭhānameva gatā. Tesaṃ tattha vasantānaṃ ayaṃ mahāpanthakadārako aññe dārakajane ‘‘cūḷapitā mahāpitā ayyako ayyikā’’ti vadante sutvā mātaraṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘amma, aññe dārakā kathenti ‘ayyako ayyikā’ti, kiṃ amhākaṃ ñātakā natthī’’ti? Āma, tāta, tumhākaṃ ettha ñātakā natthi, rājagahanagare pana vo dhanaseṭṭhi nāma ayyako, tattha tumhākaṃ bahū ñātakāti. Kasmā tattha na gacchatha ammāti? Sā attano agamanakāraṇaṃ puttassa akathetvā puttesu punappunaṃ kathentesu sāmikamāha – ‘‘ime dārakā ativiya maṃ kilamenti, kiṃ no mātāpitaro disvā maṃsaṃ khādissanti, ehi dārakānaṃ ayyakakulaṃ dassemā’’ti. Ahaṃ sammukhā bhavituṃ na sakkhissāmi, taṃ pana nayissāmīti. ‘‘Sādhu sāmi, yena kenaci upāyena dārakānaṃ ayyakakulameva daṭṭhuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti dvepi janā dārake ādāya anupubbena rājagahaṃ patvā nagaradvāre ekissā sālāya nivāsaṃ katvā dārakamātā dve dārake gahetvā āgatabhāvaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ ārocāpesi.

Te taṃ sāsanaṃ sutvā saṃsāre saṃsarantānaṃ na putto na dhītā nāma natthi, te amhākaṃ mahāparādhikā, na sakkā tehi amhākaṃ cakkhupathe ṭhātuṃ. Ettakaṃ pana dhanaṃ gahetvā dvepi janā phāsukaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā jīvantu, dārake pana idha pesentūti. Seṭṭhidhītā mātāpitūhi pesitaṃ dhanaṃ gahetvā dārake āgatadūtānaṃ hattheyeva datvā pesesi. Dārakā ayyakakule vaḍḍhanti. Tesu cūḷapanthako atidaharo, mahāpanthako pana ayyakena saddhiṃ dasabalassa dhammakathaṃ sotuṃ gacchati. Tassa niccaṃ satthu sammukhe dhammaṃ suṇantassa pabbajjāya cittaṃ nami. So ayyakaṃ āha – ‘‘sace tumhe anujāneyyātha, ahaṃ pabbajjeyya’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ vadesi, tāta, mayhaṃ sakalalokassapi pabbajjato taveva pabbajjā bhaddikā. Sace sakkosi, pabbaja, tātā’’ti sampaṭicchitvā satthu santikaṃ gato. Satthā ‘‘kiṃ, mahāseṭṭhi, dārako te laddho’’ti? ‘‘Āma, bhante, ayaṃ dārako mayhaṃ nattā, tumhākaṃ santike pabbajāmīti vadatī’’ti āha.

Satthā aññataraṃ piṇḍacārikaṃ ‘‘imaṃ dārakaṃ pabbājehī’’ti āṇāpesi. Thero tassa tacapañcakakammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitvā pabbājesi. So bahuṃ buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhitvā paripuṇṇavasso upasampadaṃ labhi. Upasampanno hutvā yonisomanasikāre kammaṃ karonto catunnaṃ arūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ lābhī hutvā jhānaṅgehi vuṭṭhāya arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Iti so saññāvivaṭṭakusalānaṃ aggo jāto. So jhānasukhena phalasukhena vītināmento cintesi – ‘‘sakkā nu kho imaṃ sukhaṃ cūḷapanthakassa dātu’’nti. Tato ayyakaseṭṭhissa santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘mahāseṭṭhi sace tumhe sampaṭicchatha, ahaṃ cūḷapanthakaṃ pabbājeyya’’nti āha. Pabbājetha, bhanteti. Thero cūḷapanthakadārakaṃ pabbājetvā dasasu sīlesu patiṭṭhāpesi. Cūḷapanthakasāmaṇero bhātikassa santike.

‘‘Padumaṃ yathā kokanadaṃ sugandhaṃ,

Pāto siyā phullamavītagandhaṃ;

Aṅgīrasaṃ passa virocamānaṃ,

Tapantamādiccamivantalikkhe’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.123; a. ni. 5.195) –

Imaṃ gāthaṃ gaṇhāti. Gahitagahitapadaṃ uparūparipadaṃ gaṇhantassa nassati. Tassa imaṃ gāthaṃ gahetuṃ vāyamantasseva cattāro māsā atikkantā. Atha naṃ mahāpanthako āha – ‘‘cūḷapanthaka, tvaṃ imasmiṃ sāsane abhabbo, catūhi māsehi ekagāthampi gahetuṃ na sakkosi, pabbajitakiccaṃ pana tvaṃ kathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpessasi, nikkhama ito’’ti. So therena paṇāmito vihārapaccante rodamāno aṭṭhāsi.

Tena samayena satthā rājagahaṃ upanissāya jīvakambavane viharati. Tasmiṃ samaye jīvako purisaṃ pesesi ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ satthāraṃ nimantehī’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena mahāpanthako bhattuddesako hoti. So ‘‘pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ bhikkhaṃ sampaṭicchatha, bhante’’ti vutto ‘‘cūḷapanthakaṃ ṭhapetvā sesānaṃ sampaṭicchāmī’’ti āha. Cūḷapanthako taṃ kathaṃ sutvā bhiyyosomattāya domanassappatto ahosi. Satthā cūḷapanthakassa khedaṃ disvā ‘‘cūḷapanthako mayi gate bujjhissatī’’ti gantvā avidūre ṭhāne attānaṃ dassetvā ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ, panthaka, rodasī’’ti āha. Bhātā maṃ, bhante, paṇāmetīti. Panthaka, tuyhaṃ bhātikassa parapuggalānaṃ āsayānusayañāṇaṃ natthi, tvaṃ buddhaveneyyapuggalo nāmāti iddhiyā abhisaṅkharitvā suddhaṃ coḷakhaṇḍaṃ adāsi ‘‘imaṃ gahetvā ‘rajoharaṇaṃ rajoharaṇa’nti vatvā bhāvehi panthakā’’ti.

So satthārā dinnaṃ coḷakhaṇḍaṃ ‘‘rajoharaṇaṃ rajoharaṇa’’nti hatthena parimajjanto nisīdi. Tassa parimajjantassa lomāni kiliṭṭhadhātukāni jātāni. Puna parimajjantassa ukkhaliparipuñchanasadisaṃ jātaṃ. So ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamma tattha khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapetvā cintesi – ‘‘idaṃ coḷakhaṇḍaṃ pakatiyā paṇḍaraṃ parisuddhaṃ, upādinnakasarīraṃ nissāya kiliṭṭhaṃ jātaṃ, idaṃ cittampi evaṃgatikamevā’’ti. Samādhiṃ bhāvetvā cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni pādakāni katvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. So manomayajjhānalābhī hutvā eko hutvā bahudhā, bahudhā hutvā eko bhavituṃ samattho ahosi. Arahattamaggeneva cassa tepiṭakañca cha abhiññā ca āgamiṃsu.

Punadivase satthā ekūnehi pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ gantvā jīvakassa nivesane nisīdi. Cūḷapanthako pana attano bhikkhāya asampaṭicchitattāyeva na gato. Jīvako yāguṃ dātuṃ ārabhi, satthā hatthena pattaṃ pidahi. Kasmā, bhante, na gaṇhathāti? Vihāre eko bhikkhu atthi jīvakāti. So purisaṃ pahiṇi ‘‘gaccha, bhaṇe, vihāre nisinnaṃ ayyaṃ gahetvā ehī’’ti. Cūḷapanthakattheropi tassa purisassa pure āgamanāyeva bhikkhusahassaṃ nimminitvā ekampi ekena asadisaṃ, ekassapi ca cīvaravicāraṇādisamaṇakammaṃ aññena asadisaṃ akāsi. So puriso vihāre bhikkhūnaṃ bahubhāvaṃ disvā gantvā jīvakassa kathesi – ‘‘bhante, imasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhusaṅgho bahutaro, tato pakkositabbaṃ bhadantaṃ na jānāmī’’ti. Jīvako satthāraṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘konāmo, bhante, vihāre nisinnabhikkhū’’ti? Cūḷapanthako nāma jīvakāti. Gaccha bho ‘‘cūḷapanthako nāma kataro’’ti pucchitvā ānehīti. So vihāraṃ gantvā ‘‘cūḷapanthako nāma, bhante, kataro’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Ahaṃ cūḷapanthako ahaṃ cūḷapanthako’’ti bhikkhusahassampi kathesi. So punāgantvā jīvakassa kathesi ‘‘sahassamattā bhikkhū sabbepi ‘ahaṃ cūḷapanthako ahaṃ cūḷapanthako’ti kathenti, ahaṃ ‘asuko nāma pakkositabbo’ti na jānāmī’’ti. Jīvakopi paṭividdhasaccatāya ‘‘iddhimā bhikkhū’’ti nayato ñatvā ‘‘paṭhamaṃ kathanabhikkhumeva ‘tumhe satthā pakkosatī’ti vatvā cīvarakaṇṇe gaṇha tātā’’ti āha. So vihāraṃ gantvā tathā akāsi, tāvadeva sahassamattā bhikkhū antaradhāyiṃsu. So theraṃ gahetvā agamāsi. Satthā tasmiṃ khaṇe yāguṃ gaṇhi.

Dasabale bhattakiccaṃ katvā vihāraṃ gate dhammasabhāyaṃ kathā udapādi ‘‘yāva mahantā vata buddhā nāma cattāro māse ekagāthaṃ gaṇhituṃ asakkontaṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃmahiddhikaṃ akaṃsū’’ti. Satthā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ cittācāraṃ ñatvā gantvā paññattāsane nisajja ‘‘kiṃ vadetha, bhikkhave’’ti pucchi. Na bhagavā aññaṃ kiñci kathema, cūḷapanthakena tumhākaṃ santikā mahālābho laddhoti tumhākaṃyeva guṇaṃ kathemāti. Anacchariyaṃ, bhikkhave, idāni mayhaṃ ovādaṃ katvā lokuttaradāyajjalābho, ayaṃ atītepi aparipakkañāṇe ṭhitassa mayhaṃ ovādaṃ katvā lokiyadāyajjaṃ labhīti. Bhikkhū ‘‘kadā, bhante’’ti āyāciṃsu. Satthā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ atītaṃ āharitvā dassesi.

Bhikkhave, atīte bārāṇasīnagare brahmadatto nāma rājā rajjaṃ kāresi. Tasmiṃ samaye cūḷakaseṭṭhi nāma paṇḍito byatto sabbanimittāni jānāti. So ekadivasaṃ rājūpaṭṭhānaṃ gacchanto antaravīthiyaṃ matamūsikaṃ disvā tasmiṃ khaṇe nakkhattaṃ samānetvā idamāha – ‘‘sakkā cakkhumatā kulaputtena imaṃ undūraṃ gahetvā dārabharaṇañca kātuṃ kammante ca payojetu’’nti. Aññataro duggatakulaputto taṃ seṭṭhissa vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘nāyaṃ ajānitvā kathessatī’’ti mūsikaṃ gahetvā ekasmiṃ āpaṇe biḷārassatthāya datvā kākaṇikaṃ labhi. Tāya kākaṇikāya phāṇitaṃ kiṇitvā ekena kuṭena pānīyaṃ gaṇhitvā araññato āgacchante mālākāre disvā thokaṃ thokaṃ phāṇitakhaṇḍaṃ datvā uḷuṅkena pānīyaṃ adāsi. Te tassa ekekaṃ pupphamuṭṭhiṃ adaṃsu. So tena pupphamūlena punadivasepi phāṇitañca pānīyaghaṭañca gahetvā pupphārāmameva gato. Tassa taṃdivasaṃ mālākārā aḍḍhaocitake pupphagacche datvā agamaṃsu. So nacirasseva iminā upāyena aṭṭha kahāpaṇe labhi.

Puna ekasmiṃ vātavuṭṭhidivase chaḍḍitauyyānaṃ gantvā patitadārūnaṃ rāsiṃ katvā nisinno rājakumbhakārassa santikā soḷasa kahāpaṇe labhi. So catuvīsatiyā kahāpaṇesu jātesu ‘‘atthi ayaṃ upāyo mayha’’nti nagaradvārato avidūre ṭhāne ekaṃ pānīyacāṭiṃ ṭhapetvā pañcasate tiṇahārake pānīyena upaṭṭhahi. Te āhaṃsu – ‘‘tvaṃ, samma, amhākaṃ bahupakāro, kiṃ te karomā’’ti? Sopi ‘‘mayhaṃ kicce uppanne karissathā’’ti vatvā ito cito ca vicaranto thalapathakammikena ca jalapathakammikena ca saddhiṃ mittasanthavaṃ akāsi. Tassa thalapathakammiko ‘‘sve imaṃ nagaraṃ assavāṇijako pañca assasatāni gahetvā āgamissatī’’ti ācikkhi. So tassa vacanaṃ sutvā tiṇahārakānaṃ saññaṃ datvā ekekaṃ tiṇakalāpaṃ diguṇaṃ katvā āharāpesi. Atha so assānaṃ nagaraṃ paviṭṭhavelāya tiṇakalāpasahassaṃ antaradvāre rāsiṃ katvā nisīdi. Assavāṇijo sakalanagare assānaṃ cāriṃ alabhitvā tassa sahassaṃ datvā taṃ tiṇaṃ gaṇhi.

Tato katipāhaccayenassa samuddakammikasahāyako ārocesi ‘‘paṭṭanaṃ mahānāvā āgatā’’ti. So ‘‘atthi ayaṃ upāyo’’ti aṭṭhahi kahāpaṇehi sabbaparivārasampannaṃ tāvakālikaṃ rathaṃ gahetvā nāvāpaṭṭanaṃ gantvā ekaṃ aṅgulimuddikaṃ nāvikassa saccakāraṃ datvā avidūre ṭhāne sāṇiṃ parikkhipāpetvā tattha nisinno purise āṇāpesi ‘‘bāhirakesu vāṇijesu āgatesu tatiyena paṭihārena ārocethā’’ti. ‘‘Nāvā āgatā’’ti sutvā bārāṇasito satamattā vāṇijā ‘‘bhaṇḍaṃ gaṇhāmā’’ti āgamaṃsu. Bhaṇḍaṃ tumhe na labhissatha, asukaṭṭhāne nāma mahāvāṇijena saccakāro dinnoti. Te tesaṃ sutvā tassa santikaṃ āgatā, pādamūlikapurisā purimasaññāvasena tatiyena pāṭihārena tesaṃ āgatabhāvaṃ ārocesuṃ. Te satamattāpi vāṇijā ekekaṃ sahassaṃ datvā tena saddhiṃ nāvāya pattikā hutvā puna ekekaṃ sahassaṃ datvā pattiṃ vissajjāpetvā bhaṇḍaṃ attano santakaṃ akaṃsu. So puriso dve satasahassāni gahetvā bārāṇasiṃ āgantvā ‘‘kataññunā bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti ekaṃ satasahassaṃ gahetvā cūḷaseṭṭhissa santikaṃ gato.

Atha taṃ cūḷaseṭṭhi ‘‘kiṃ te, tāta, katvā idaṃ dhanaṃ laddha’’nti pucchi. So ‘‘tumhehi kathitaupāye ṭhatvā catumāsabbhantareyeva laddha’’nti āha. Seṭṭhi tassa vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘idāni evarūpaṃ dārakaṃ parasantakaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti vayappattaṃ dhītaraṃ datvā sakalakuṭumbassa sāmikaṃ akāsi. Sopi kulaputto seṭṭhino accayena tasmiṃ nagare seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yathākammaṃ gato. Satthā dve vatthūni kathetvā anusandhiṃ ghaṭetvā abhisambuddhakāle imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Appakenapi medhāvī, pābhatena vicakkhaṇo;

Samuṭṭhāpeti attānaṃ, aṇuṃ aggiṃva sandhama’’nti. (jā. 1.1.4);

Iti satthā dhammasabhāyaṃ sannisinnānaṃ imaṃ kāraṇaṃ dassesi. Ayaṃ dvinnampi mahāsāvakānaṃ pubbapatthanato paṭṭhāya anupubbikathā. Aparabhāge pana satthā ariyagaṇaparivuto dhammāsane nisinno manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminantānaṃ cetovivaṭṭakusalānañca cūḷapanthakattheraṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi, saññāvivaṭṭakusalānaṃ mahāpanthakanti.

Subhūtittheravatthu

201. Tatiye araṇavihārīnanti nikkilesavihārīnaṃ. Raṇanti hi rāgādayo kilesā vuccanti, tesaṃ abhāvena nikkilesavihāro araṇavihāro nāma. So yesaṃ atthi, te araṇavihārino. Tesaṃ araṇavihārīnaṃ subhūtitthero aggoti. Kiñcāpi hi aññepi khīṇāsavā araṇavihārinova, therena pana dhammadesanāya etaṃ nāmaṃ laddhaṃ. Aññe hi bhikkhū dhammaṃ desento uddissakaṃ katvā vaṇṇaṃ vā avaṇṇaṃ vā kathenti, thero pana dhammaṃ desento satthārā desitaniyāmato anokkamitvā deseti, tasmā araṇavihārīnaṃ aggo nāma jāto.

202. Catutthe dakkhiṇeyyānanti dakkhiṇārahānaṃ. Tattha kiñcāpi aññepi khīṇāsavā aggadakkhiṇeyyā, thero pana piṇḍāya caranto ghare ghare mettājhānaṃ samāpajjitvā samāpattito vuṭṭhāya bhikkhaṃ gaṇhāti ‘‘evaṃ bhikkhādāyakānaṃ mahapphalaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Tasmā dakkhiṇeyyānaṃ aggoti vutto. Attabhāvo panassa susamiddho, alaṅkatatoraṇaṃ viya cittapaṭo viya ca ativiya virocati. Tasmā subhūtīti vuccati.

Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayaṃ kira padumuttare bhagavati anuppanneyeva haṃsavatīnagare brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbatti, nandamāṇavotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto tayo vede uggaṇhitvā tattha sāraṃ apassanto attano parivārehi catucattālīsāya māṇavakasahassehi saddhiṃ pabbatapāde isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā pañca abhiññā aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbattesi, antevāsikepi jhānalābhino akāsi.

Tasmiṃ samaye padumuttaro bhagavā loke nibbattitvā haṃsavatīnagaraṃ upanissāya viharanto ekadivasaṃ paccūsasamaye lokaṃ olokento nandatāpasassa antevāsikānaṃ jaṭilānaṃ arahattūpanissayaṃ nandatāpasassa ca dvīhaṅgehi samannāgatassa sāvakassa ṭhānantarapatthanaṃ disvā pātova sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pattacīvaramādāya sāriputtattherassa vatthumhi vuttanayeneva nandatāpasassa assamaṃ agamāsi. Tattha phalāphaladānañca pupphāsanapaññāpanañca nirodhasamāpattisamāpajjanañca vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

Satthā pana nirodhā vuṭṭhito araṇavihāriaṅgena ca dakkhiṇeyyaṅgena cāti dvīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ ekaṃ sāvakaṃ ‘‘isigaṇassa pupphāsanānumodanaṃ karohī’’ti āṇāpesi. So attano visaye ṭhatvā tepiṭakaṃ sammasitvā anumodanaṃ akāsi. Tassa desanāvasāne satthā sayaṃ dhammaṃ desesi. Desanāpariyosāne sabbe catucattālīsasahassāpi tāpasā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Nandatāpaso pana anumodakassa bhikkhuno nimittaṃ gaṇhitvā satthu desanānusārena ñāṇaṃ pesetuṃ nāsakkhi. Satthā ‘‘etha, bhikkhavo’’ti sesabhikkhūnaṃ hatthaṃ pasāresi. Sabbepi antarahitakesamassū iddhimayaparikkhārā vassasaṭṭhikattherā viya ahesuṃ.

Nandatāpaso tathāgataṃ vanditvā sammukhe ṭhito āha – ‘‘bhante, yena bhikkhunā isigaṇassa pupphāsanānumodanā katā, ko nāmoyaṃ tumhākaṃ sāsane’’ti? Araṇavihāriaṅgena ca dakkhiṇeyyaṅgena ca etadaggaṃ patto esoti. ‘‘Bhante, ahampi iminā sattāhakatena adhikārakammena aññaṃ sampattiṃ na patthemi, anāgate panāhaṃ ekassa buddhassa sāsane ayaṃ thero viya dvīhaṅgehi samannāgato bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā anantarāyaṃ disvā byākaritvā pakkāmi. Nandatāpasopi kālena kālaṃ dasabalassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā aparihīnajjhāno brahmaloke nibbatto. Idamassa kalyāṇakammaṃ. Antarā pana kammaṃ na kathiyati.

So kappasatasahassaṃ atikkamitvā sāvatthiyaṃ sumanaseṭṭhissa gehe nibbatti, subhūtītissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Aparabhāge amhākaṃ satthā loke nibbatto rājagahaṃ upanissāya viharati. Tadā anāthapiṇḍiko seṭṭhi sāvatthiyaṃ uṭṭhānakabhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā attano sahāyakassa rājagahaseṭṭhino gharaṃ gato satthu uppannabhāvaṃ ñatvā satthāraṃ sītavane viharantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paṭhamadassaneneva sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya satthāraṃ sāvatthiṃ āgamanatthāya yācitvā pañcacattālīsayojane magge yojane yojane satasahassapariccāgena vihāre patiṭṭhāpetvā sāvatthiyaṃ rājamānena aṭṭhakarīsappamāṇaṃ jetarājakumārassa uyyānabhūmiṃ koṭisanthārena kiṇitvā tattha bhagavato vihāraṃ kāretvā adāsi. Vihāramahadivase ayaṃ subhūtikuṭimbiko anāthapiṇḍikaseṭṭhinā saddhiṃ gantvā dhammaṃ suṇanto saddhaṃ paṭilabhitvā pabbaji. So upasampanno dve mātikā paguṇaṃ katvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā araññe samaṇadhammaṃ karonto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā mettājhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Dhammaṃ desento vuttanayeneva dhammaṃ katheti, piṇḍāya caranto vuttanayeneva mettājhānato vuṭṭhāya bhikkhaṃ gaṇhāti. Atha naṃ satthā imaṃ kāraṇadvayaṃ paṭicca araṇavihārīnañca dakkhiṇeyyānañca bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Khadiravaniyarevatattheravatthu

203. Pañcame āraññakānanti araññavāsīnaṃ. Revato khadiravaniyoti dhammasenāpatittherassa kaniṭṭhabhātiko. So yathā aññe therā araññe vasamānā vanasabhāgaṃ udakasabhāgaṃ bhikkhācārasabhāgañca sallakkhetvā araññe vasanti, na evaṃ vasi. Etāni pana sabhāgāni anādiyitvā ujjaṅgalasakkharapāsāṇavisame khadiravane paṭivasati. Tasmā āraññakānaṃ aggoti vutto.

Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayaṃ kira atīte padumuttarabuddhakāle haṃsavatīnagare nibbatto mahāgaṅgāya payāgapatiṭṭhānatitthe nāvākammaṃ karonto paṭivasati. Tasmiṃ samaye satthā satasahassabhikkhuparivāro cārikaṃ caranto payāgapatiṭṭhānatitthaṃ sampāpuṇi. So dasabalaṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘mayhaṃ kālena kālaṃ buddhadassanaṃ nāma natthi, ayaṃ me kalyāṇakammāyūhanakkhaṇo’’ti nāvāsaṅghāṭaṃ bandhāpetvā upari celavitānaṃ kāretvā gandhamālādāmāni osāretvā heṭṭhā varapotthakaṃ cittattharaṇaṃ attharāpetvā saparivāraṃ satthāraṃ paratīraṃ tāresi.

Tasmiṃ samaye satthā ekaṃ āraññakaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadagge ṭhapesi. So nāviko taṃ disvā ‘‘mayāpi evamevaṃ anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane āraññakānaṃ aggena bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti satthāraṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā satthu pādamūle nipajjitvā, ‘‘bhante, tumhehi etadagge ṭhapito so bhikkhu viya ahampi anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane āraññakānaṃ aggo bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā anantarāyaṃ disvā ‘‘anāgate gotamabuddhassa sāsane tvaṃ āraññakānaṃ aggo bhavissasī’’ti byākaritvā pakkāmi. Antarā pana aññaṃ kammaṃ na kathiyati.

So yāvajīvaṃ kalyāṇakammaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadhakkhette nālakabrāhmaṇagāme sārībrāhmaṇiyā kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā tiṇṇaṃ bhātikānaṃ tissannañca bhaginīnaṃ sabbakaniṭṭho hutvā nibbatti, revatotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Athassa mātāpitaro cintesuṃ – ‘‘vaḍḍhitavaḍḍhite dārake samaṇā sakyaputtiyā netvā pabbājenti, amhākaṃ puttaṃ revataṃ daharameva gharabandhanena bandhissāmā’’ti samānakulato dārikaṃ ānetvā revatassa ayyikaṃ vandāpetvā, ‘‘amma, tava ayyikāya mahallakatarā hohī’’ti āhaṃsu. Revato tesaṃ kathaṃ sutvā cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ dārikā daharā paṭhamavaye ṭhitā, imissā kira evaṃvidhaṃ rūpaṃ mama ayyikāya rūpasadisaṃ bhavissati, pucchissāmi tāva nesaṃ adhippāya’’nti cintetvā āha – ‘‘tumhe kiṃ kathethā’’ti? Tāta, ‘‘ayaṃ dārikā ayyikā viya te jaraṃ pāpuṇātū’’ti vadāmāti. So ‘‘imissā rūpaṃ evaṃvidhaṃ bhavissatī’’ti pucchi. Tāta, kiṃ vadesi, mahāpuññā evaṃvidhā hontīti.

So cintesi – ‘‘idaṃ kira rūpaṃ iminā niyāmena valittacaṃ bhavissati palitakesaṃ khaṇḍadantaṃ, ahaṃ evarūpe rūpe rajjitvā kiṃ karissāmi, mama bhātikānaṃ gatamaggameva gamissāmī’’ti kīḷanto viya hutvā samavaye taruṇadārake āha – ‘‘etha, bho, vidhāvanikaṃ karissāmā’’ti nikkhami. Tāta, maṅgaladivase mā bahi gacchāti. So dārakehi saddhiṃ kīḷanto viya attano dhāvanavāre sampatte thokaṃ gantvā papañcetvā āgacchati. Puna dutiyavāre sampatte tato turitaṃ viya gantvā āgato, tatiyavāre sampatte ‘‘ayaṃ me kālo’’ti ñatvā sammukhaṭṭhāneneva palāyitvā paṃsukūlikabhikkhūnaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ araññaṃ gantvā there abhivādetvā pabbajjaṃ yāci. Sappurisa mayaṃ taṃ na jānāma ‘‘kassāsi putto’’ti, tvañca alaṅkataniyāmeneva āgato, ko taṃ pabbājetuṃ ussahissatīti. So ubho bāhā paggayha ‘‘vilumpanti maṃ vilumpanti ma’’nti mahāravaṃ viravi. Ito cito ca bhikkhū sannipatitvā ‘‘sappurisa, imasmiṃ ṭhāne tava vatthaṃ vā piḷandhanaṃ vā koci gaṇhanto nāma natthi, tvañca ‘vilumpantī’ti vadasi, kiṃ sandhāya vadasī’’ti? Bhante, nāhaṃ vatthālaṅkāraṃ sandhāya vadāmi, tissannaṃ pana me sampattīnaṃ vilopo vattati, taṃ sandhāya vadāmi. Maṃ tāva tumhe mā pabbājayittha, bhātaraṃ pana me jānāthāti. Konāmo pana te bhātāti? Gihikāle upatisso nāma, idāni pana sāriputto nāma jātoti vadantīti. ‘‘Āvuso, evaṃ sante ayaṃ kulaputto amhākaṃ kaniṭṭhabhātiko nāma hoti, jeṭṭhabhātiko no dhammasenāpati puretaraṃyeva āha – ‘amhākaṃ ñātakā sabbeva micchādiṭṭhikā, yo koci amhākaṃ ñātīti āgacchati, taṃ yena tenupāyena pabbājeyyathā’ti. Ayaṃ pana therassa ajjhattabhātiko, pabbājetha na’’nti vatvā tacapañcakakammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitvā pabbājayiṃsu. Atha naṃ paripuṇṇavassaṃ upasampādetvā kammaṭṭhāne yojayiṃsu.

Thero kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ avidūre ṭhāne vuttappakāraṃ khadiravanaṃ pavisitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karoti. Tassa ‘‘arahattaṃ appatvā dasabalaṃ vā bhātikattheraṃ vā na passissāmī’’ti vāyamantasseva tayo māsā atikkantā, sukhumālakulaputtassa lūkhabhojanaṃ bhuñjantassa cittaṃ valītaṃ nāma hoti, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vimokkhaṃ na gataṃ. So temāsaccayena pavāretvā vutthavasso hutvā tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne samaṇadhammaṃ karoti. Tassa samaṇadhammaṃ karontassa cittaṃ ekaggaṃ ahosi, so vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi.

Athāyasmā sāriputto satthāraṃ āha – ‘‘bhante, mayhaṃ kira kaniṭṭhabhātā revato pabbajito, so abhirameyya vā na vā, gantvā naṃ passissāmī’’ti. Bhagavā revatassa āraddhavipassakabhāvaṃ ñatvā dve vāre paṭikkhipitvā tatiyavāre yācito arahattaṃ pattabhāvaṃ ñatvā, ‘‘sāriputta, ahampi gamissāmi, bhikkhūnaṃ ārocehī’’ti. Thero bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā, ‘‘āvuso, satthā cārikaṃ caritukāmo, gantukāmā āgacchantū’’ti sabbesaṃyeva ārocesi. Dasabalassa cārikatthāya gamanakāle ohīnakabhikkhū nāma appakā honti, ‘‘satthu suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ passissāma, madhuradhammakathaṃ vā suṇissāmā’’ti yebhuyyena gantukāmāva bahukā honti. Iti satthā mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivāro ‘‘revataṃ passissāmī’’ti nikkhanto.

Athekasmiṃ padese ānandatthero dvedhāpathaṃ patvā bhagavantaṃ pucchi – ‘‘bhante, imasmiṃ ṭhāne dve maggā, kataramaggena saṅgho gacchatū’’ti. Kataramaggo, ānanda, ujukoti? Bhante, ujumaggo tiṃsayojano amanussapatho, parihāramaggo pana saṭṭhiyojaniko khemo subhikkhoti. Ānanda, sīvali amhehi saddhiṃ āgatoti? Āma, bhante, āgatoti. Tena hi saṅgho ujumaggameva gaṇhatu, sīvalissa puññaṃ vīmaṃsissāmāti. Satthā bhikkhusaṅghaparivāro sīvalittherassa puññavīmaṃsanatthaṃ aṭavimaggaṃ abhiruhi. Maggaṃ abhiruhanaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya devasaṅgho yojane yojane ṭhāne nagaraṃ māpetvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa vasanatthāya vihāre paṭiyādesi. Devaputtā raññā pesitakammakārā viya hutvā yāgukhajjakādīni gahetvā ‘‘kahaṃ ayyo sīvali, kahaṃ ayyo sīvalī’’ti pucchantā gacchanti. Thero taṃ sakkārasammānaṃ gaṇhāpetvā satthu santikaṃ gacchati. Satthā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ paribhuñji.

Imināva niyāmena satthā sakkārasammānaṃ anubhavanto devasikaṃ yojanaparamaṃ gantvā tiṃsayojanikaṃ kantāraṃ atikkamma khadiravaniyattherassa sabhāgaṭṭhānaṃ patto. Thero satthu āgamanaṃ ñatvā attano vasanaṭṭhāne buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa pahonakavihāre dasabalassa gandhakuṭiṃ rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānādīni ca iddhiyā māpetvā tathāgatassa paccuggamanaṃ gato. Satthā alaṅkatapaṭiyattena maggena vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha tathāgate gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭhe bhikkhū vassaggena pattasenāsanāni pavisiṃsu. Devatā ‘‘akālo āhārassā’’ti aṭṭhavidhaṃ pānakaṃ āhariṃsu. Satthā saṅghena saddhiṃ pānakaṃ pivi. Imināva niyāmena tathāgatassa sakkārasammānaṃ anubhavantasseva addhamāso atikkanto.

Athekacce ukkaṇṭhitabhikkhū ekasmiṃ ṭhāne nisīditvā kathaṃ uppādayiṃsu ‘‘satthā dasabalo ‘mayhaṃ aggasāvakassa kaniṭṭhabhātā’ti vatvā evarūpaṃ navakammikabhikkhuṃ passituṃ āgato, imassa vihārassa santike jetavanamahāvihāro vā veḷuvanavihārādayo vā kiṃ karissanti. Ayampi bhikkhu evarūpassa navakammassa kārako, kiṃ nāma samaṇadhammaṃ karissatī’’ti? Atha satthā cintesi – ‘‘mayi ciraṃ vasante idaṃ ṭhānaṃ ākiṇṇaṃ bhavissati, āraññakā bhikkhū nāma pavivekatthikā honti, revatassa aphāsuvihāro bhavissatī’’ti tato revatassa divāṭṭhānaṃ gato. Thero ekakova caṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ ālambanaphalakaṃ nissāya pāsāṇaphalake nisinno satthāraṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ disvā paccuggantvā vandi.

Atha naṃ satthā pucchi – ‘‘revata, imaṃ vāḷamigaṭṭhānaṃ, caṇḍānaṃ hatthiassādīnaṃ saddaṃ sutvā kinti karosī’’ti? Tesaṃ me, bhante, saddaṃ suṇato araññarati nāma uppajjatīti. Satthā tasmiṃ ṭhāne revatattherassa pañcahi gāthāsatehi araññe nivāsānisaṃsaṃ nāma kathetvā punadivase avidūre ṭhāne piṇḍāya caritvā revatattheraṃ nivattetvā yehi bhikkhūhi therassa avaṇṇo kathito, tesaṃ kattarayaṭṭhiupāhanātelanāḷichattānaṃ pamussanabhāvaṃ akāsi. Te attano parikkhāratthāya nivattā āgatamaggeneva gacchantāpi taṃ ṭhānaṃ sallakkhetuṃ na sakkonti. Paṭhamaṃ hi te alaṅkatapaṭiyattena maggena gantvā taṃdivasaṃ pana visamamaggena gacchantā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne ukkuṭikaṃ nisīdanti, jāṇukena gacchanti. Te gumbe ca gacche ca kaṇṭake ca maddantā attano vasitasabhāgaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ khadirakhāṇuke attano chattaṃ sañjānanti, upāhanaṃ kattarayaṭṭhiṃ telanāḷiṃ sañjānanti. Te tasmiṃ samaye ‘‘iddhimā ayaṃ bhikkhū’’ti ñatvā attano parikkhāre ādāya ‘‘dasabalassa paṭiyattasakkāro nāma evarūpo hotī’’ti vadantā āgamaṃsu.

Purato gatabhikkhū, visākhā upāsikā, attano gehe nisinnakāle pucchati – ‘‘manāpaṃ nu kho, bhante, revatattherassa vasanaṭṭhāna’’nti? Manāpaṃ upāsike nandanavanacittalatādipaṭibhāgaṃ taṃ senāsananti. Atha nesaṃ sabbapacchato āgatabhikkhū pucchi – ‘‘manāpaṃ, ayyā, revatattherassa vasanaṭṭhāna’’nti. Mā puccha upāsike, kathetuṃ ayuttaṭṭhānametaṃ, ujjaṅgalaṃ sakkharapāsāṇavisamaṃ khadiravanaṃ etaṃ, tattha so bhikkhu viharatīti. Visākhā, purimānañca pacchimānañca bhikkhūnaṃ kathaṃ sutvā ‘‘kesaṃ nu kho kathā saccā’’ti pacchābhatte gandhamālaṃ ādāya dasabalassa upaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā, vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisinnā satthāraṃ pucchi – ‘‘bhante, revatattherassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ ekacce, ayyā, vaṇṇenti, ekacce nindanti, kiṃ nāmetaṃ, bhante’’ti? Visākhe ramaṇīyaṃ vā hotu mā vā, yasmiṃ ṭhāne ariyānaṃ cittaṃ ramati, tadeva ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ nāmāti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, ninne vā yadi vā thale;

Yattha arahanto viharanti, taṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyaka’’nti. (dha. pa. 98; saṃ. ni. 1.261);

Atha satthā aparabhāge jetavanamahāvihāre ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno theraṃ āraññakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Kaṅkhārevatattheravatthu

204. Chaṭṭhe jhāyīnanti jhānalābhīnaṃ jhānābhiratānaṃ. So kira thero yā jhānasamāpattiyo dasabalo samāpajjati, tato appataraṃ ṭhapetvā bahutarā samāpajjati. Tasmā jhāyīnaṃ aggo nāma jāto. Kaṅkhāyanabhāvena kaṅkhārevatoti vuccati. Kaṅkhā nāma kukkuccaṃ, kukkuccakoti attho. Kiṃ pana aññe kukkuccakā natthīti? Atthi, ayaṃ pana thero kappiyepi kukkuccaṃ uppādesi. Tenassa kukkuccakatā atipākaṭā jātāti kaṅkhārevatotveva saṅkhaṃ gato.

Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayaṃ kira padumuttarabuddhakāle purimanayeneva mahājanena saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ jhānābhiratānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā ‘‘mayāpi anāgate evarūpena bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti desanāvasāne satthāraṃ nimantetvā purimanayeneva sattāhaṃ mahāsakkāraṃ katvā bhagavantaṃ āha – ‘‘bhante, ahaṃ iminā adhikārakammena na aññaṃ sampattiṃ patthemi, yathā pana so tumhehi ito sattadivasamatthake bhikkhu jhāyīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito, evaṃ ahampi anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane jhāyīnaṃ aggo bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā anāgataṃ oloketvā samijjhanabhāvaṃ disvā ‘‘anāgate kappasatasahassāvasāne gotamo nāma buddho uppajjissati, tassa sāsane tvaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo bhavissasī’’ti byākaritvā pakkāmi.

So yāvajīvaṃ kalyāṇakammaṃ katvā kappasatasahassaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaritvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle sāvatthinagare mahābhogakule nibbatto pacchābhattaṃ dhammassavanatthaṃ gacchantena mahājanena saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhito dasabalassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā saddhaṃ paṭilabhitvā pabbajito upasampadaṃ labhitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā jhānaparikammaṃ karonto jhānalābhī hutvā jhānameva pādakaṃ katvā arahattaphalaṃ pāpuṇi. So dasabalena samāpajjitabbasamāpattīnaṃ appatarā ṭhapetvā bahutarā samāpajjanto ahorattaṃ jhānesu ciṇṇavasī ahosi. Atha naṃ aparabhāge satthā imaṃ guṇaṃ gahetvā jhāyīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. ‘‘Akappiyo, āvuso guḷo, akappiyā muggā’’ti (mahāva. 272) evaṃ pana kappiyesveva vatthūsu kukkuccassa uppāditatāya kukkuccasaṅkhātāya kaṅkhāya bhāvena kaṅkhārevatoti saṅkhaṃ gatoti.

Soṇakoḷivisattheravatthu

205. Sattame āraddhavīriyānanti paggahitavīriyānaṃ paripuṇṇavīriyānaṃ. Soṇo koḷivisoti soṇoti tassa nāmaṃ, koḷivisoti gottaṃ. Koṭivessoti vā attho, issariyena koṭippattassa vessakulassa dārakoti adhippāyo. Yasmā pana aññesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vīriyaṃ nāma vaḍḍhetabbaṃ hoti, therassa pana hāpetabbameva ahosi. Tasmā esa āraddhavīriyānaṃ aggo nāma jāto.

Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayaṃ kira atīte padumuttarabuddhakāle seṭṭhikule nibbatti, sirivaḍḍhakumārotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto purimanayeneva vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ āraddhavīriyānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā ‘‘mayāpi anāgate evarūpena bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti desanāpariyosāne dasabalaṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā vuttanayeneva patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa patthanāya samijjhanabhāvaṃ disvā purimanayeneva byākaritvā vihāraṃ gato.

Sopi sirivaḍḍhaseṭṭhi yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto kappasatasahassaṃ atikkamitvā imasmiṃ kappe parinibbute kassapadasabale anuppanne amhākaṃ bhagavati bārāṇasiyaṃ kulagehe paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. So attano sahāyakehi saddhiṃ gaṅgāyaṃ kīḷati. Tasmiṃ samaye eko jiṇṇacīvariko paccekabuddho ‘‘bārāṇasiṃ upanissāya gaṅgātīre paṇṇasālaṃ katvā vassaṃ upagacchissāmī’’ti udakena samupabyūḷhe daṇḍake ca valliyo ca saṃkaḍḍhati. Ayaṃ kumāro sahāyakehi saddhiṃ gantvā abhivādetvā ṭhito, ‘‘bhante, kiṃ karothā’’ti pucchi. Kumāra upakaṭṭhe antovasse pabbajitānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ nāma laddhuṃ vaṭṭatīti. ‘‘Bhante, ajjeva ekadivasaṃ ayyo yathā tathā āgametu, ahaṃ sve ayyassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ karissāmī’’ti āha. Paccekabuddho ‘‘tasseva kumārassa saṅgahaṃ karissāmī’’ti āgatattā adhivāsesi. So tassa adhivāsanaṃ viditvā gato punadivase sakkārasammānaṃ sajjetvā paccekabuddhassa āgamanaṃ olokento aṭṭhāsi. Paccekabuddhopi ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho ajja bhikkhācāraṃ labhissāmī’’ti āvajjento ñatvā tasseva gehadvāraṃ agamāsi.

Kumāro paccekabuddhaṃ disvā sampiyāyamāno pattaṃ ādāya bhikkhaṃ datvā ‘‘imaṃ antovassaṃ mayhaṃ gehadvārameva āgacchatha, bhante’’ti paṭiññaṃ gahetvā paccekabuddhe bhattakiccaṃ katvā pakkante attano sahāyakehi saddhiṃ gantvā ekadivaseneva paccekabuddhassa vasanapaṇṇasālañca caṅkamanañca rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānāni ca kārāpetvā adāsi. Tasseva paṇṇasālaṃ pavisanavelāya haritūpalittāya bhūmiyā ‘‘pādesu kalalaṃ mā laggī’’ti attano pārupanaṃ satasahassagghanakaṃ rattakambalaṃ bhūmattharaṇaṃ santharitvā kambalassa vaṇṇena saddhiṃ paccekabuddhassa sarīrappabhaṃ ekasadisaṃ disvā ativiya pasanno hutvā āha – ‘‘yathā tumhehi akkantakālato paṭṭhāya imassa kambalassa ativiya pabhā virocati, evameva mayhampi nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne hatthapādānaṃ vaṇṇo bandhujīvakapupphavaṇṇo hotu, satakkhattuṃ vihatakappāsapaṭalaphassasadisova phasso hotū’’ti. So temāsaṃ paccekabuddhaṃ upaṭṭhahitvā pavāritakāle ticīvaraṃ adāsi. Paccekabuddho paripuṇṇapattacīvaro gandhamādanameva gato.

Sopi kulaputto devamanussesu saṃsaranto amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle kāḷacampānagare upaseṭṭhissa ghare paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. Tassa paṭisandhiggahaṇakālato paṭṭhāya seṭṭhikulaṃ anekāni paṇṇākārasahassāni āgacchanti. Jātadivase ca sakalanagaraṃ ekasakkārasammānaṃ ahosi. Athassa nāmaggahaṇadivase mātāpitaro ‘‘amhākaṃ putto attano nāmaṃ gaṇhitvāva āgato, rattasuvaṇṇarasaparisittā viyassa sarīracchavī’’ti soṇakumārotvevassa nāmaṃ akaṃsu.

Athassa saṭṭhi dhātiyo upanetvā devakumāraṃ viya naṃ sukhena vaḍḍhesuṃ. Tassa evarūpaṃ āhāravidhānaṃ ahosi – saṭṭhikarīsamattaṃ ṭhānaṃ kasitvā tividhena udakena posenti. Kedāre pavisantīsu udakamātikāsu khīrodakassa ca gandhodakassa ca anekāni cāṭisahassāni āsiñcanti. Sālisīsānaṃ khīraggahaṇakāle sukādīnaṃ pāṇānaṃ ucchiṭṭhakaraṇanivāraṇatthaṃ vīhigabbhānaṃ sukhumālabhāvatthañca pariyantaparikkhepe ca antarantarā ca thambhe nikhanitvā upari daṇḍake datvā kilañjehi chādetvā samantā sāṇiyā parikkhipitvā sabbapariyante ārakkhaṃ gaṇhanti. Sasse nipphanne koṭṭhe catujātigandhehi paribhaṇḍaṃ katvā upari uttamagandhehi paribhāventi. Anekasahassapurisā khettaṃ oruyha sālisīsāni vaṇṭesu chinditvā muṭṭhimuṭṭhiyo katvā rajjukehi bandhitvā sukkhāpenti. Tato koṭṭhakassa heṭṭhimatale gandhe santharitvā upari sālisīsāni santharanti. Evaṃ ekantarikaṃ katvā santharantā koṭṭhakaṃ pūretvā dvāraṃ pidahanti, tivassasampattakāle koṭṭhakaṃ vivaranti. Vivaṭakāle sakalanagaraṃ sugandhagandhikaṃ hoti. Sālimhi pahate dhuttā thuse kiṇitvā gaṇhanti, kuṇḍakaṃ pana cūḷupaṭṭhākā labhanti. Musalaghaṭṭitake sālitaṇḍule vicinitvā gaṇhanti. Te suvaṇṇahīrakapacchiyaṃ pakkhipitvā satakālaṃ parissāvetvā gahite pakkuthitajātirase ekavāraṃ pakkhipitvā uddharanti, pamukhaṭṭhānaṃ sumanapupphasadisaṃ hoti. Taṃ bhojanaṃ suvaṇṇasarake pakkhipitvā pakkuthitaappodakamadhupāyāsapūritassa rajatathālassa upari katvā ādāya gantvā seṭṭhiputtassa purato ṭhapenti.

So attano yāpanamattaṃ bhuñjitvā gandhavāsitena udakena mukhaṃ vikkhāletvā hatthapāde dhovati. Athassa dhotahatthapādassa nānappakāraṃ mukhavāsaṃ upanenti. Tassa akkamanaṭṭhāne varapotthakacittattharaṇaṃ attharanti. Hatthapādatalānissa bandhujīvakapupphavaṇṇāni honti, satakālavihatakappāsassa viya phasso, pādatalesu maṇikuṇḍalāvattavaṇṇāni lomāni jāyiṃsu. So kassacideva kujjhitvā ‘‘ājānāhi bhūmiṃ akkamissāmī’’ti vadati. Tassa vayappattassa tiṇṇaṃ utūnaṃ anucchavike tayo pāsāde kāretvā nāṭakāni ca upaṭṭhāpesuṃ. So mahāsampattiṃ anubhavanto devo maññe paṭivasati.

Atha amhākaṃ satthari sabbaññutaṃ patvā pavattitavaradhammacakke rājagahaṃ upanissāya viharante pādalomadassanatthaṃ raññā māgadhena pakkosāpetvā asītiyā gāmiyasahassehi saddhiṃ satthu santikaṃ pahito dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho satthāraṃ pabbajjaṃ yāci. Atha naṃ bhagavā ‘‘anuññātosi mātāpitūhī’’ti pucchitvā ananuññātabhāvaṃ sutvā ‘‘na kho, soṇa, tathāgatā mātāpitūhi ananuññātaṃ puttaṃ pabbājentī’’ti paṭikkhipi. So ‘‘sādhu bhagavā’’ti tathāgatassa vacanaṃ sirasā sampaṭicchitvā mātāpitūnaṃ santikaṃ gantvā anujānāpetvā satthu santikaṃ āgamma aññatarassa bhikkhuno santike pabbaji. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato panassa pabbajjāvidhānaṃ pāḷiyaṃ (mahāva. 243) āgatameva.

Tassa pabbajjañca upasampadañca labhitvā rājagahe viharantassa sambahulā ñātisālohitā ca sandiṭṭhasambhattā ca sakkārasammānaṃ āharanti, rūpanipphattiyā vaṇṇaṃ kathenti, aññepi janā passituṃ āgacchanti. Thero cintesi – ‘‘mama santikaṃ bahū janā āgacchanti, kammaṭṭhāne vā vipassanāya vā kammaṃ kātuṃ kathaṃ sakkhissāmi, yaṃnūnāhaṃ satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā sītavanasusānaṃ gantvā samaṇadhammaṃ kareyyaṃ. Tatra hi susānanti jigucchitvā bahū janā nāgamissanti, evaṃsante mama kiccaṃ matthakaṃ pāpuṇissatī’’ti satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā sītavanaṃ gantvā samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ ārabhi. So cintesi – ‘‘mayhaṃ sarīraṃ paramasukhumālaṃ, na kho pana sakkā sukheneva sukhaṃ pāpuṇituṃ, kāyaṃ kilametvāpi samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Tato ṭhānacaṅkamameva adhiṭṭhāya padhānamakāsi. Tassa sukhumālānaṃ pādatalānaṃ antantehi phoṭā uṭṭhāya bhijjiṃsu, caṅkamo ekalohitova ahosi. Pādesu avahantesu jaṇṇukehipi hatthehipi vāyamitvā caṅkamati. Evaṃ vīriyaṃ daḷhaṃ karontopi obhāsamattampi nibbattetuṃ asakkonto cintesi – ‘‘sace aññopi āraddhavīriyo bhaveyya, mādisova bhaveyya. Ahaṃ kho pana evaṃ vāyamantopi maggaṃ vā phalaṃ vā uppādetuṃ na sakkomi, addhā nevāhaṃ ugghaṭitaññū, na vipañcitaññū, na neyyo, padaparamena mayā bhavitabbaṃ. Kiṃ me pabbajjāya, hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjissāmi puññāni ca karissāmī’’ti.

Tasmiṃ samaye satthā therassa vitakkaṃ ñatvā sāyanhasamaye bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto tattha gantvā lohitena phuṭṭhaṃ caṅkamaṃ disvā theraṃ vīṇovādena (mahāva. 243) ovaditvā vīriyasamathayojanatthāya tassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā gijjhakūṭameva gato. Soṇattheropi dasabalassa sammukhā ovādaṃ labhitvā nacirasseva arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Atha satthā aparabhāge jetavane bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto dhammaṃ desento theraṃ āraddhavīriyānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Soṇakuṭikaṇṇattheravatthu

206. Aṭṭhame kalyāṇavākkaraṇānanti vākkaraṇaṃ vuccati vacanakiriyā, madhuravacanānanti attho. Ayañhi thero dasabalena saddhiṃ ekagandhakuṭiyā tathāgatassa madhurena sarena dhammakathaṃ kathesi. Athassa satthā sādhukāraṃ adāsi. Tasmā so kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggo nāma jāto. Soṇoti tassa nāmaṃ, koṭiagghanakaṃ pana kaṇṇapiḷandhanaṃ dhāresi. Tasmā kuṭikaṇṇoti vuccati, koṭikaṇṇoti attho.

Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayampi padumuttarabuddhakāle purimanayeneva mahājanena saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhatvā satthu dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā ‘‘mayāpi anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggena bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti cintetvā dasabalaṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā, ‘‘bhante, yaṃ bhikkhuṃ tumhe ito sattadivasamatthake kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapayittha, ahampi imassa adhikārakammassa phalena anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane tathārūpo bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa anantarāyaṃ disvā ‘‘anāgate gotamabuddhassa sāsane kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggo bhavissasī’’ti byākaritvā pakkāmi.

Sopi yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā kappasatasahassaṃ devesu ca manussesu ca saṃsaranto amhākaṃ dasabalassa uppattito puretarameva devalokā cavitvā kāḷiyā nāma kuraragharikāya upāsikāya kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. Sā paripakke gabbhe rājagahanagare attano kulanivesanaṃ āgatā.

Tasmiṃ samaye amhākaṃ satthā sabbaññutaṃ patto isipatane dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi. Dhammacakkappavattane dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatā sannipatiṃsu. Tattha eko aṭṭhavīsatiyā yakkhasenāpatīnaṃ abbhantare sātāgiro nāma yakkho dasabalassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya cintesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho ayaṃ evaṃ madhuradhammakathā mama sahāyena hemavatena sutā na sutā’’ti? So devasaṅghassa antare olokento taṃ apassitvā ‘‘addhā mama sahāyo tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ uppannabhāvaṃ na jānāti, gacchāmi dasabalassa ceva vaṇṇaṃ kathessāmi, paṭividdhadhammañca ārocessāmī’’ti attano parisāya saddhiṃ rājagahamatthakena tassa santikaṃ pāyāsi.

Hemavatopi tiyojanasahassaṃ himavantaṃ akālapupphitaṃ disvā ‘‘mama sahāyena sātāgirena saddhiṃ himavantakīḷitaṃ kīḷissāmī’’ti attano parisāya saddhiṃ rājagahamatthakeneva pāyāsi. Tesaṃ dvinnampi aggabalakāyā kulagharikāya kāḷiupāsikāya nivesanamatthake samāgantvā ‘‘tumhe kassa parisā, mayaṃ sātāgirassa. Tumhe kassa parisā, mayaṃ hemavatassā’’ti āhaṃsu. Te haṭṭhatuṭṭhāva gantvā tesaṃ yakkhasenāpatīnaṃ ārocayiṃsu. Tepi taṃkhaṇaññeva upāsikāya nivesanamatthake samāgacchiṃsu. Sātāgiro hemavataṃ āha – ‘‘kahaṃ, samma, gacchasī’’ti? Tava santikaṃ sammāti. Kiṃkāraṇāti? Himavantaṃ pupphitaṃ disvā tayā saddhiṃ tattha kīḷissāmīti. Tvaṃ pana, samma, kahaṃ gacchasīti? Tava santikaṃ, sammāti. Kiṃkāraṇāti? Tvaṃ himavantassa kena pupphitabhāvaṃ jānāsīti? Na jānāmi, sammāti. Suddhodanamahārājassa putto siddhatthakumāro dasasahassilokadhātuṃ kampetvā paṭividdhasabbaññutaññāṇo dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatānaṃ majjhe anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi. Tassa pavattitabhāvaṃ na jānāsīti? Na jānāmi, sammāti. Tvaṃ ettakameva ṭhānaṃ pupphitanti aññāsi, tassa pana purisassa sakkāratthāya sakaladasasahassacakkavāḷaṃ ekamālāguḷasadisaṃ ajja jātaṃ sammāti. Mālā tāva pupphantu, tayā so satthā akkhīni pūretvā diṭṭhoti. Āma, samma, satthā ca me diṭṭho, dhammo ca suto, amatañca pītaṃ. Ahaṃ ‘‘etaṃ amatadhammaṃ tampi jānāpessāmī’’ti tava santikaṃ āgatosmi, sammāti. Tesaṃ aññamaññaṃ kathentānaṃyeva upāsikā sirisayanato uṭṭhāya nisinnā taṃ kathāsallāpaṃ sutvā sadde nimittaṃ gaṇhi. ‘‘Ayaṃ saddo uddhaṃ, na heṭṭhā, amanussabhāsito, no manussabhāsito’’ti sallakkhetvā ohitasotā paggahitamānasā hutvā nisīdi. Tato –

‘‘Ajja pannaraso uposatho (iti sātāgiro yakkho),

Dibbā ratti upaṭṭhitā;

Anomanāmaṃ satthāraṃ,

Handa passāma gotama’’nti. (su. ni. 153) –

Evaṃ sātāgirena vutte –

‘‘Kacci mano supaṇihito (iti hemavato yakkho),

Sabbabhūtesu tādino;

Kacci iṭṭhe aniṭṭhe ca,

Saṅkappassa vasīkatā’’ti. (su. ni. 154);

Evaṃ hemavato satthu kāyasamācārañca ājīvañca manosamācārañca pucchi. Pucchitaṃ pucchitaṃ sātāgiro vissajjesi. Evaṃ satthu sarīravaṇṇaguṇavaṇṇakathanavasena hemavatasuttante niṭṭhite hemavato sahāyakassa dhammadesanānusārena ñāṇaṃ pesetvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi.

Atha, kāḷī upāsikā, parassa dhamme desīyamāne tathāgataṃ adiṭṭhapubbāva hutvā anussavappasādaṃ uppādetvā parassa vaḍḍhitaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjamānā viya sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsi. Sā sabbamātugāmānaṃ antare paṭhamakasotāpannā sabbajeṭṭhikā ahosi. Tassā saha sotāpattibhāvena tameva rattiṃ gabbhavuṭṭhānaṃ jātaṃ, paṭiladdhadārakassa nāmaggahaṇadivase soṇoti nāmaṃ akāsi. Sā yathāruciyā kulagehe vasitvā kulagharameva agamāsi.

Tasmiṃ samaye mahākaccānatthero taṃ nagaraṃ upanissāya upavatte pabbate paṭivasati. Upāsikā theraṃ upaṭṭhāti. Thero nibaddhaṃ tassā nivesanaṃ gacchati. Soṇadārakopi nibaddhaṃ therassa santike vicaranto vissāsiko ahosi. So aparena samayena therassa santike pabbaji. Thero taṃ upasampādetukāmo tīṇi vassāni gaṇaṃ pariyesitvā upasampādesi. So upasampanno kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patvā therasseva santike suttanipātaṃ uggaṇhitvā vutthavasso pavāretvā satthāraṃ passitukāmo hutvā upajjhāyaṃ āpucchi. Thero āha – ‘‘soṇa, tayi gate satthā taṃ ekagandhakuṭiyaṃ vasāpetvā dhammaṃ ajjhesissati, tvaṃ dhammaṃ kathessasi. Satthā tava dhammakathāya pasīditvā tuyhaṃ varaṃ dassati. Tvaṃ varaṃ gaṇhanto imañca imañca gaṇhāhi, mama vacanena dasabalassa pāde vandāhī’’ti. So upajjhāyena anuññāto mātuupāsikāya gehaṃ gantvā ārocesi. Sāpi ‘‘sādhu, tāta, tvaṃ dasabalaṃ passituṃ gacchanto imaṃ kambalaṃ āharitvā satthu vasanagandhakuṭiyā bhūmattharaṇaṃ katvā attharāhī’’ti kambalaṃ adāsi. Soṇatthero taṃ ādāya senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā anupubbena satthu vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā dasabalassa buddhāsane nisinnavelāyameva upasaṅkamitvā abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Satthā tena saddhiṃ paṭisanthāraṃ katvā ānandattheraṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ānanda, imassa bhikkhussa senāsanaṃ jānāhī’’ti. Thero satthu adhippāyaṃ ñatvā antogandhakuṭiyaṃyeva bhūmattharaṇaṃ ussārento viya atthari.

Atha kho bhagavā bahudevarattiṃ ajjhokāse vītināmetvā vihāraṃ pāvisi, āyasmāpi kho soṇo bahudevarattiṃ ajjhokāse vītināmetvā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Satthā pacchimayāme sīhaseyyaṃ kappetvā paccūsasamaye vuṭṭhāya nisīditvā ‘‘ettakena kālena soṇassa kāyadaratho paṭippassaddho bhavissatī’’ti ñatvā āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ ajjhesi – ‘‘paṭibhātu taṃ bhikkhu dhammo bhāsitu’’nti. Soṇatthero madhurassarena ekabyañjanampi avināsento aṭṭhakavaggiyāni suttāni (su. ni. 772 ādayo) abhāsi. Kathāpariyosāne bhagavā sādhukāraṃ datvā ‘‘suggahito te bhikkhu dhammo, mayā desitakāle ca ajja ca ekasadisāva desanā, kiñci ūnaṃ vā adhikaṃ vā natthī’’ti pasannabhāvaṃ pakāsesi. Soṇattheropi ‘‘ayaṃ okāso’’ti sallakkhetvā upajjhāyassa vacanena dasabalaṃ vanditvā vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena upasampadaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbe vare yāci, satthā adāsi. Puna thero mātuupāsikāya vacanena vanditvā ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, upāsikāya tumhākaṃ vasanagandhakuṭiyaṃ bhūmattharaṇatthaṃ kambalo pahito’’ti kambalaṃ datvā uṭṭhāyāsanā satthāraṃ vanditvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato pana therassa pabbajjaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbaṃ sutte āgatameva.

Iti thero satthu santikā aṭṭha vare labhitvā upajjhāyassa santikaṃ gantvā sabbaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Punadivase mātuupāsikāya nivesanadvāraṃ gantvā bhikkhāya aṭṭhāsi. Upāsikā ‘‘putto kira me dvāre ṭhito’’ti sutvā vegena āgantvā abhivādetvā hatthato pattaṃ gahetvā antonivesane nisīdāpetvā bhojanaṃ adāsi. Atha naṃ bhattakiccapariyosāne āha – ‘‘diṭṭho te, tāta, dasabalo’’ti? Āma upāsiketi. Vandito te mama vacanenāti? Āma vandito, sopi ca me kambalo tathāgatassa vasanaṭṭhāne bhūmattharaṇaṃ katvā atthatoti. Kiṃ, tāta, tayā kira satthu dhammakathā kathitā, satthārā ca te sādhukāro dinnoti? Tayā kathaṃ ñātaṃ upāsiketi? Tāta, mayhaṃ gehe adhivatthā devatā dasabalena tuyhaṃ sādhukāraṃ dinnadivase ‘‘sakaladasasahassacakkavāḷe devatā sādhukāraṃ adaṃsū’’ti āha – tāta, tayā kathitadhammakathaṃ buddhānaṃ kathitaniyāmeneva mayhampi kathetuṃ paccāsīsāmīti. Thero mātu kathaṃ sampaṭicchi. Sā tassa adhivāsanaṃ viditvā dvāre maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā dasabalassa kathitaniyāmeneva attano dhammakathaṃ kathāpesīti vatthu ettha samuṭṭhitaṃ. Satthā aparabhāge ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno theraṃ kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Sīvalittheravatthu

207. Navame lābhīnaṃ yadidaṃ sīvalīti ṭhapetvā tathāgataṃ lābhīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sīvalitthero aggoti dasseti. Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayampi atīte padumuttarabuddhakāle vuttanayeneva vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ lābhīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā ‘‘mayāpi anāgate evarūpena bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti dasabalaṃ nimantetvā purimanayeneva sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā ‘‘bhagavā ahampi iminā adhikārakammena aññaṃ sampattiṃ na patthemi, anāgate pana ekassa buddhassa sāsane ahampi tumhehi so etadagge ṭhapitabhikkhu viya lābhīnaṃ aggo bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā anantarāyaṃ disvā ‘‘ayaṃ te patthanā anāgate gotamassa buddhassa sāsane samijjhissatī’’ti byākaritvā pakkāmi.

Sopi kulaputto yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto vipassībuddhakāle bandhumatīnagarato avidūre ekasmiṃ gāme paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. Tasmiṃ samaye bandhumatīnagaravāsino raññā saddhiṃ sākacchitvā sākacchitvā dasabalassa dānaṃ denti. Te ekadivasaṃ sabbeva ekato hutvā dānaṃ dentā ‘‘kiṃ nu kho amhākaṃ dānamukhe natthī’’ti madhuñca guḷadadhiñca na addasaṃsu. Te ‘‘yato kutoci āharissāmā’’ti janapadato nagaraṃ pavisanamagge purisaṃ ṭhapesuṃ. Tadā esa kulaputto attano gāmato guḷadadhivārakaṃ gahetvā ‘‘kiñcideva āharissāmī’’ti nagaraṃ gacchanto mukhaṃ dhovitvā ‘‘dhotahatthapādo pavisissāmī’’ti phāsukaṭṭhānaṃ olokento naṅgalasīsamattaṃ nimmakkhikaṃ daṇḍakamadhuṃ disvā ‘‘puññena me idaṃ uppanna’’nti gahetvā nagaraṃ pavisati. Nāgarehi ṭhapitapuriso taṃ disvā, ‘‘bho purisa, kassimaṃ āharasī’’ti pucchi. Na kassaci sāmi, vikkiṇituṃ pana me idaṃ ānītanti. Tena hi, bho purisa, imaṃ kahāpaṇaṃ gahetvā etaṃ madhuñca guḷadadhiñca dehīti.

So cintesi – ‘‘idaṃ na bahumūlaṃ, ayañca ekappahāreneva bahuṃ deti, vīmaṃsituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Tato naṃ ‘‘nāhaṃ ekakahāpaṇena demī’’ti āha. Yadi evaṃ, dve gahetvā dehīti. Dvīhipi na demīti. Etenupāyena vaḍḍhantaṃ vaḍḍhantaṃ sahassaṃ pāpuṇi. So cintesi – ‘‘atiañchituṃ na vaṭṭati, hotu tāva, imassa kattabbakiccaṃ pucchissāmī’’ti. Atha naṃ āha – ‘‘idaṃ na bahuagghanakaṃ, tvañca bahuṃ desi, kena kammena idaṃ gaṇhāsī’’ti? Idha, bho, nagaravāsino raññā saddhiṃ paṭivirujjhitvā vipassīdasabalassa dānaṃ dentā idaṃ dvayaṃ dānamukhe apassantā pariyesanti. Sace idaṃ dvayaṃ na labhissanti, nāgarānaṃ parājayo bhavissati. Tasmā sahassaṃ datvā gaṇhāmīti. Kiṃ panetaṃ nāgarānameva vaṭṭati, na aññesaṃ dātuṃ vaṭṭatīti? Yassa kassaci dātuṃ avāritametanti. Atthi pana te koci nāgarānaṃ dāne ekadivasaṃ sahassaṃ dātāti? Natthi sammāti. Imesaṃ pana dvinnaṃ sahassagghanakabhāvaṃ jānāsīti? Āma jānāmīti. Tena hi gaccha, nāgarānaṃ ācikkha – ‘‘eko puriso imāni dve mūlena na deti, sahattheneva dātukāmo, tumhe imesaṃ dvinnaṃ kāraṇā nirussukkā hothā’’ti. Tvaṃ pana me imasmiṃ dānamukhe jeṭṭhakabhāvassa kāyasakkhī hohīti.

So gāmavāsī paribbayatthaṃ gahitamāsakena pañcakaṭukaṃ gahetvā cuṇṇaṃ katvā dadhito kañjiyaṃ vāhetvā tattha madhupaṭalaṃ pīḷetvā pañcakaṭukacuṇṇena yojetvā ekasmiṃ paduminipatte pakkhipitvā taṃ saṃvidahitvā ādāya dasabalassa avidūre ṭhāne nisīdi. Mahājanena āhariyamānassa sakkārassa antare attano pattavāraṃ olokayamāno okāsaṃ ñatvā satthu santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘bhagavā ayaṃ mayhaṃ duggatapaṇṇākāro, imaṃ me anukampaṃ paṭicca gaṇhathā’’ti. Satthā tassa anukampaṃ paṭicca catumahārājadattiyena selamayena pattena taṃ paṭiggahetvā yathā aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassassa diyyamānaṃ na khīyati, evaṃ adhiṭṭhāsi. Sopi kulaputto niṭṭhitabhattakiccaṃ bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito āha – ‘‘diṭṭho me bhagavā ajja bandhumatīnagaravāsikehi tumhākaṃ sakkāro āhariyamāno, ahampi imassa kammassa nissandena nibbattanibbattabhave lābhaggayasaggappatto bhaveyya’’nti. Satthā ‘‘evaṃ hotu kulaputtā’’ti vatvā tassa ca nagaravāsīnañca bhattānumodanaṃ katvā pakkāmi.

Sopi kulaputto yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde suppavāsāya rājadhītāya kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. Paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāya sāyaṃ pātañca paṇṇākārasatāni pāpuṇanti, suppavāsā sampattiṃ gacchati. Atha naṃ puññavīmaṃsanatthaṃ hatthena bījapacchiṃ phusāpenti, ekekabījato salākasatampi salākasahassampi nigacchati. Ekakarīsakhettato paññāsampi saṭṭhipi sakaṭāni uppajjanti. Koṭṭhapūraṇakālepi koṭṭhadvāraṃ hatthena phusāpenti, rājadhītāya puññena gaṇhantānaṃ gahitagahitaṭṭhānaṃ puna pūrati. Paripuṇṇabhattakumbhitopi ‘‘rājadhītāya puñña’’nti vatvā yassa kassaci dentānaṃ yāva na ukkaḍḍhanti, na tāva bhattaṃ khīyati. Dārake kucchigateyeva satta vassāni atikkamiṃsu.

Gabbhe pana paripakke sattāhaṃ mahādukkhaṃ anubhosi. Sā sāmikaṃ āmantetvā ‘‘pure maraṇā jīvamānāva dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti satthu santikaṃ pesesi – ‘‘gaccha imaṃ pavattiṃ satthu ārocetvā satthāraṃ nimantehi, yañca satthā vadeti, taṃ sādhukaṃ upalakkhetvā āgantvā mayhaṃ kathehī’’ti. So gantvā tassā sāsanaṃ bhagavato ārocesi. Satthā ‘‘sukhinī hotu suppavāsā koliyadhītā, sukhinī arogā arogaṃ puttaṃ vijāyatū’’ti āha. Rājā taṃ sutvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā antogāmābhimukho pāyāsi. Tassa pure āgamanāyeva suppavāsāya kucchito dhamakaraṇā udakaṃ viya gabbho nikkhami, parivāretvā nisinnajano assumukhova hasituṃ āraddho. Haṭṭhatuṭṭho mahājano rañño puttasāsanaṃ ārocetuṃ agamāsi.

Rājā tesaṃ iṅgitaṃ disvāva ‘‘dasabalena kathitakathā nipphannā maññe’’ti cintesi. So āgantvā satthu sāsanaṃ rājadhītāya ārocesi. Rājadhītā ‘‘tayā nimantitaṃ jīvitabhattameva maṅgalabhattaṃ bhavissati, gaccha sattāhaṃ dasabalaṃ nimantehī’’ti. Rājā tathā akāsi. Sattāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ pavattayiṃsu. Dārako sabbesaṃ ñātīnaṃ santattacittaṃ nibbāpento jātoti sīvalidārakotvevassa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So satta vassāni gabbhe vasitattā jātakālato paṭṭhāya sabbakammakkhamo ahosi. Dhammasenāpati sāriputto sattame divase tena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpaṃ akāsi. Satthāpi dhammapade gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Yomaṃ palipathaṃ duggaṃ, saṃsāraṃ mohamaccagā;

Tiṇṇo pāraṅgato jhāyī, anejo akathaṃkathī;

Anupādāya nibbuto, tamahaṃ brūmi brāhmaṇa’’nti. (dha. pa. 414);

Atha naṃ thero evamāha – ‘‘kiṃ pana tayā evarūpaṃ dukkharāsiṃ anubhavitvā pabbajituṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti? Labhamāno pabbajeyyaṃ, bhanteti. Suppavāsā taṃ dārakaṃ therena saddhiṃ kathentaṃ disvā ‘‘kiṃ nu kho me putto dhammasenāpatinā saddhiṃ kathetī’’ti theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchi – ‘‘mayhaṃ putto tumhehi saddhiṃ kiṃ katheti, bhadante’’ti? Attanā anubhūtaṃ gabbhavāsadukkhaṃ kathetvā tumhehi anuññāto pabbajissāmīti vadatīti. Sādhu, bhante, pabbājetha nanti. Thero taṃ vihāraṃ netvā tacapañcakakammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā pabbājento, ‘‘sīvali, na tuyhaṃ aññena ovādena kammaṃ atthi, tayā satta vassāni anubhūtadukkhameva paccavekkhāhī’’ti. Bhante, pabbājanameva tumhākaṃ bhāro, yaṃ pana mayā kātuṃ sakkā, tamahaṃ jānissāmīti. So paṭhamakesavaṭṭiyā ohāritakkhaṇeyeva sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsi, dutiyāya ohāritakkhaṇe sakadāgāmiphale, tatiyāya anāgāmiphale. Sabbesaṃyeva pana kesānaṃ oropanañca arahattasacchikiriyā ca apacchā apurimā ahosi. Tassa pabbajitadivasato paṭṭhāya bhikkhusaṅghassa cattāro paccayā yadicchakaṃ uppajjanti. Evaṃ ettha vatthu samuṭṭhitaṃ.

Aparabhāge satthā sāvatthiṃ agamāsi. Thero satthāraṃ abhivādetvā, ‘‘bhante, mayhaṃ puññaṃ vīmaṃsissāmi, pañca me bhikkhusatāni dethā’’ti āha. Gaṇha, sīvalīti. So pañcasate bhikkhū gahetvā himavantābhimukhaṃ gacchanto aṭavimaggaṃ gacchati. Tassa paṭhamaṃ diṭṭhā nigrodhe adhivatthā devatā satta divasāni dānaṃ adāsi. Iti so –

‘‘Nigrodhaṃ paṭhamaṃ passi, dutiyaṃ paṇḍavapabbataṃ;

Tatiyaṃ aciravatiyaṃ, catutthaṃ varasāgaraṃ.

‘‘Pañcamaṃ himavantaṃ so, chaṭṭhaṃ chaddantupāgami;

Sattamaṃ gandhamādanaṃ, aṭṭhamaṃ atha revata’’nti.

Sabbaṭṭhānesu satta satta divasāneva dānaṃ adaṃsu. Gandhamādanapabbate pana nāgadattadevarājā nāma sattadivasesu ekadivasaṃ khīrapiṇḍapātaṃ adāsi, ekadivasaṃ sappipiṇḍapātaṃ adāsi. Bhikkhusaṅgho āha – ‘‘āvuso, imassa devarañño neva dhenuyo duyhamānā paññāyanti, na dadhinimmathanaṃ, kuto te, devarāja, imaṃ uppajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Bhante, kassapadasabalassa kāle khīrasalākabhattadānassetaṃ phala’’nti devarājā āha. Aparabhāge satthā khadiravaniyarevatassa paccuggamanaṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā theraṃ attano sāsane lābhaggayasaggappattānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Vakkalittheravatthu

208. Dasame saddhādhimuttānanti saddhāya adhimuttānaṃ, balavasaddhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vakkalitthero aggoti dasseti. Aññesaṃ hi saddhā vaḍḍhetabbā hoti, therassa pana hāpetabbā jātā. Tasmā so saddhādhimuttānaṃ aggoti vutto. Vakkalīti panassa nāmaṃ.

Tassa pañhakamme ayamanupubbikathā – ayampi hi atīte padumuttarabuddhakāle vuttanayeneva vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ saddhādhimuttānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā ‘‘mayāpi anāgate evarūpena bhavituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttanayeneva satthāraṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā dasabalaṃ vanditvā, ‘‘bhante, ahampi iminā adhikārakammena tumhehi saddhādhimuttānaṃ etadagge ṭhapitabhikkhu viya anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane saddhādhimuttānaṃ aggo bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa anantarāyaṃ disvā byākaritvā pakkāmi.

Sopi yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto amhākaṃ satthukāle sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, vakkalītissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vuddhippatto tayo vede uggaṇhitvā dasabalaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaparivutaṃ sāvatthiyaṃ carantaṃ disvā satthu sarīrasampattiṃ olokento sarīrasampattidassanena atitto dasabalena saddhiṃyeva vicarati. Vihāraṃ gacchantena saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā sarīranipphattiṃ olokentova tiṭṭhati. Dhammasabhāyaṃ nisīditvā dhammaṃ kathentassa sammukhaṭṭhāne ṭhito dhammaṃ suṇāti. So saddhaṃ paṭilabhitvā ‘‘agāramajjhe vasanto nibaddhaṃ dasabalassa dassanaṃ na labhissāmī’’ti pabbajjaṃ yācitvā satthu santike pabbaji.

Tato paṭṭhāya ṭhapetvā āhārakaraṇavelaṃ avasesakāle yattha ṭhitena sakkā dasabalaṃ passituṃ, tattha ṭhito yonisomanasikāraṃ pahāya dasabalaṃ olokentova viharati. Satthā tassa ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamento dīghampi addhānaṃ tasmiṃ rūpadassanavaseneva vicarante kiñci avatvā ‘‘idānissa ñāṇaṃ paripākagataṃ, sakkā etaṃ bodhetu’’nti ñatvā evamāha – ‘‘kiṃ te, vakkali, iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena, yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passati. Yo maṃ passati, so dhammaṃ passati. Dhammañhi, vakkali, passanto maṃ passati, maṃ passanto dhammaṃ passatī’’ti.

Satthari evaṃ ovadantepi thero dasabalassa dassanaṃ pahāya neva aññattha gantuṃ sakkoti. Tato satthā ‘‘nāyaṃ bhikkhu saṃvegaṃ alabhitvā bujjhissatī’’ti upakaṭṭhāya vassūpanāyikāya rājagahaṃ gantvā vassūpanāyikadivase ‘‘apehi, vakkalī’’ti theraṃ paṇāmeti. Buddhā ca nāma ādeyyavacanā honti, tasmā thero satthāraṃ paṭippharitvā ṭhātuṃ asakkonto temāsaṃ dasabalassa sammukhe āgantuṃ avisahanto ‘‘kiṃ dāni sakkā kātuṃ, tathāgatenamhi paṇāmito, sammukhībhāvaṃ na labhāmi, kiṃ mayhaṃ jīvitenā’’ti gijjhakūṭapabbate papātaṭṭhānaṃ abhiruhi. Satthā tassa kilamanabhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhu mama santikā assāsaṃ alabhanto maggaphalānaṃ upanissayaṃ nāseyyā’’ti attānaṃ dassetuṃ obhāsaṃ vissajjesi. Athassa satthu diṭṭhakālato paṭṭhāya eva mahantaṃ sokasallaṃ pahīnaṃ. Satthā sukkhataḷāke oghaṃ āharanto viya vakkalittherassa balavapītisomanassaṃ uppādetuṃ dhammapade imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Pāmojjabahulo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhasāsane;

Adhigacche padaṃ santaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamaṃ sukha’’nti. (dha. pa. 381);

Vakkalittherassa ca ‘‘ehi, vakkalī’’ti hatthaṃ pasāresi. Thero ‘‘dasabalo me diṭṭho, ehīti avhāyanampi laddha’’nti balavapītiṃ uppādetvā ‘‘kuto gacchāmī’’ti attano gamanabhāvaṃ ajānitvāva dasabalassa sammukhe ākāse pakkhanditvā paṭhamapādena pabbate ṭhitoyeva satthārā vuttagāthaṃ āvajjento ākāseyeva pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā tathāgataṃ vandamānova otari. Aparabhāge satthā ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno theraṃ saddhādhimuttānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā.