4. Samāsakaṇḍa

Atha nāmānameva aññamaññasambandhīnaṃ samāsoti nāmanissitattā, sayañca nāmikattā nāmānantaraṃ samāso vuccate.

1. Syādi syādine+katthanti

Ida+madhikataṃ veditabbaṃ. Pubbe vuttavidhiggahaṇañāyena syādīti tadantassa gahaṇaṃ. So ca bhinnatthānaṃ nāmāna+mekatthībhāvo samāsoti vuccate.

2. Asaṅkhyaṃ vibhatti+sampatti+samīpa+sākalyā+bhāva+yathā+ pacchā+yugapadatthe

Pubbassa+tthaparaṃ yassa, aññatthaparamañca yaṃ;

Napuṃsakaṃ bhave yañca, ta+dāsaṃkhya+mihe+ssate.

Satthantare pasiddhaṃ yaṃ, abyayībhāvanāmato;

Upakumbhaṃ tiṭṭhagu ca, pātameghaṃti taṃ yathā.

Asaṅkhyaṃ syādyantaṃ vibhatyādīna+matthe vattamānaṃ syādyantena sahe+katthaṃ bhavati. ‘‘Aviggaho niccasamāso, padantaraviggaho ce’’ti padantaraviggaho. Itthīsu tathā pavattāti viggayha vibhatyatthe samāse kate –

2,119. Ekatthatāyaṃ

Eko attho yassa pakatipaccayādisamudāyassa so ekattho. Tassa bhāvo pavattinimittaṃ ekatthatā, īyādi+ṇādi+samāsavidhānaṃ, tasmiṃ sati syādilopo hoti.

9. Taṃ napuṃsakanti

Napuṃsakaliṅge ca ‘‘pubbasmā+mādito’’ti sabbavibhattīnaṃ lope ca kate adhitthi tiṭṭhati, bho adhitthi, adhitthi passa, adhitthi kataṃ, adhitti carati, adhitthi dehi, adhitthi apehi, adhitthi āyattaṃ, adhitthi patiṭṭhitaṃ. Evaṃ adhikumāri, antabhūtassa appadhānassa ghapassa ‘‘ghapassa+ntassā+ppadhānassā’’ti passa rasso.

Saha=sampannaṃ brahmaṃ sabrahmaṃ. Vuttanayena ettha ca upari ca samāsādayo honti, ettha ‘‘akāle satatthe’’ti sahassa sādeso. Syādimhi kate ‘‘pubbasmā+mādito’’ti syādīnaṃ lope ca sampatte ‘‘nā+to+mapañcamiyā’’ti apañcamiyā paṭisedho ca akārantaasaṃkhyasamāsato parāsaṃ sabbavibhattīnaṃ aṃādeso ca hoti. Eva+muparipi.

Bhikkhānaṃ samiddhi subhikkhaṃ, ettha ghassa rasso. Subhikkhaṃ tiṭṭhati bho subhikkhaṃ, subhikkhaṃ passa. Nā+smiṃsu ‘‘vā tatiyā sattamīnaṃ’’ti vikappena aṃ, subhikkhaṃ subhikkhena vā kataṃ, subhikkhaṃ subhikkhena vā carati, subhikkhaṃ dehi. Pañcamiyaṃ a+mabbhāvā subhikkhā apagaccha, subhikkha+māyattaṃ, subhikkhaṃ subhikkhe vā patiṭṭhitaṃ.

Samīpatthe-kumbhassa samīpaṃ upakumbhaṃ, evaṃ upanagaraṃ, bho upakumbhaṃ iccādi.

Sākalye-tiṇampi asesetvāti satiṇaṃ, tiṇampi asesetvā ajjhoharaṇīya+majjhoharatītyattho. Sesaṃ sabrahmasamaṃ. Aggimpi asesetvāti sāggi, aggiganthaṃpi asesetvā adhītetyattho. Vāraggahaṇaṃ adhitthisamaṃ.

Abhāvo sambandhībhedā bahuvidho, tatra iddhābhāvevigatā iddhi=vibhūti saddikānanti dussaddikaṃ. Atthābhāvemakkhikānaṃ abhāvo nimmakkhikaṃ, niddarathaṃ, nimmasakaṃ. Atikkamābhāve-atigatāni tiṇāni nittiṇaṃ. Upabhogasambandhīvattamānakālassa abhāve-atigataṃ lahupāvuraṇaṃ atilahupāvuraṇaṃ, lahupāvuraṇassa nā+yaṃ upabhogatā loti attho.

Yathāttho+nekavidho, tatra yoggatāyaṃ-yoggaṃ rūpa+manurūpaṃ. Vicchāyaṃ-addhamāsaṃ addhamāsaṃ anu anvaddhamāsaṃ, evaṃ paccattaṃ. Atthānativattiyaṃ-sattiṃ anatikkamma yathāsatti. Evaṃ yathākkamaṃ, yathābalaṃ. Bahulādhikārā yā yā parisā yathāparisā. Sadisatthe-kikhiyā kaṇhavicchitadhenuyā sadiso sakikhi, sahassa sādeso. Ānupubbiyaṃ-jeṭṭhānukkamena anujeṭṭhaṃ.

Pacchāatthe-rathassa pacchā anurathaṃ.

Yugapadatthe-cakkena saha=ekakālaṃ sacakkaṃ, cakkena ekakkhaṇe nidhetīti attho.

3. Yathā na tulye

Yathāsaddo tulyatthe vattamāno syādyantena sahe+kattho na bhavati. Yathā devadatto, tathā yaññadatto. Ettha upamānabhūto yathāsaddo ‘tathā yaññadatto’ti upameyya+mapekkhati, tasmā ‘‘sāpekkha+masamatthaṃ bhavatī’’ti ñāyā asamāse ‘‘na tulye’’ti paṭisedho kimattha+miti ce. Yasmā ‘‘yathā devadatto’’ti samudāyameva upamānaṃ bhavati, na visuṃ yathāsaddo, tasmā samudāyasseva upameyyasāpekkhatte na asāmatthiyatā na visuṃ yathāsaddassa, tasmā sādisse pattasamāsassa paṭisedhattha+midaṃ. Tulyattheti vattabbe tulyaṃ vinā tulyatā natthīti tulyattheti avatvā tulyeti vuttaṃ.

Yathākathañci sādissaṃ, ñāyate yattha sambhavaṃ;

Upamā nāma sā tassā, papañco bahudhā bhave.

4. Yāvā+vadhāraṇe

Yāvasaddo avadhāraṇe vattamāno syādyantena sahe+kattho bhavati. Avadhāraṇaṃ=ettakatāparicchedo. Yāvantāni amattāni=bhājanāni yāvāmattaṃ, iminā samāse kate sesaṃ pubbasamaṃ. Jīvassa yattako paricchedo yāvajīvaṃ. Yāvatāyukaṃ, ‘‘sakatthe’’ti kapaccayo. Yattakena attho yāvadatthaṃ.

5. Payyapā bahi tiro pure pacchā vā pañcamyā

Pariādayo pañcamyantena sahe+katthā honti vā. Pari pabbatā paripabbataṃ. Vāssa vākyavikappatthattā pari pabbatā iccādayopi honti. Apa pabbatā apapabbataṃ, ā pāṭaliputtā āpāṭaliputtaṃ, bahi gāmā bahigāmaṃ, tiro pabbatā tiropabbataṃ, pure bhattā purebhattaṃ, pacchā bhattā pacchābhattaṃ, sabbaṃ upakumbhasamaṃ, iminā samāso viseso. Eva+muparisuttepi.

Vātya+dhikāro –

6. Samīpā+yāmesva+nu

‘‘Asaṃkhya’’miccādinā niccasamāsassa vikappatthaṃ samīpaggahaṇaṃ. Anusaddo sāmīpye āyāme ca vattamāno syādyantena sahe+kattho vā hoti. Ettha samīpaggahaṇassa bhāvappadhānattā sāmīpyameva gamyateti sāmīpyeti vuttaṃ. Vanassa anu=samīpaṃ anuvanaṃ, gaṅgāya anu=āyāmo anugaṅgaṃ, gaṅgāya anu vā bārāṇasī.

7. Tiṭṭhagvādīni

Tiṭṭhaguādīni aññatthena siddhāpi asmiṃ asaṃkhyasamāse nipātiyanti. Tiṭṭhanti gāvo yasmiṃ kāleti tiṭṭhantasadda+gosaddehi paṭhamāyomhi kate ‘‘vā+nekaññatthe’’ti samāso, iminā nipātanā lope napuṃsakatthe ca kate simhi gossa ‘‘gossu’’ti ukāre ‘‘pubbasmā+mādito’’ti vibhattilopo. Evaṃ vahantī gāvo yasmiṃ kāleti vahaggu iccādi. Velāppakāsakapātoādīnampi ettheva saṅgaho, pāto nahānanti sattamīamādisamāse pātanahānaṃ, evaṃ sāyanahānaṃ, pātakālaṃ, sāyakālaṃ, pātameghaṃ, sāyameghaṃ, pātamaggaṃ, sāyamaggaṃ, ettha ‘‘eona+ma vaṇṇe’’ti akāro, niggahītassa lopo ca hoti.

8. Ore+pari+paṭi+pāre+majjhe+heṭṭhu+ddhā+dho+nto vā chaṭṭhiyā.

Orādayo saddā chaṭṭhiyantena sahe+katthā vā honti. Oraṃ gaṅgāya oregaṅgā, upari sikharassa uparisikharaṃ, paṭi=mukhaṃ sotassa paṭisotaṃ, pāraṃ yamunāya pāreyamunaṃ, majjhaṃ gaṅgāya majjhegaṅgaṃ, heṭṭhā pāsādassa heṭṭhāpāsādaṃ, uddhaṃ gaṅgāya uddhagaṅgaṃ, adho gaṅgāya adhogaṅgaṃ, anto pāsādassa antopāsādaṃ. Iminā nipātanāva niggahītalope ca ekāre ca kate oreccādi hoti.

10. A+mādi

A+mādisyādyantaṃ syādyantena saha bahula+mekattaṃ hoti.

Uttarassa padassa+ttho, padhānaṃ liṅga+massa ca;

Dutiyantādipadekattho, bahudhā taṃ vibhajjate.

Paresa+missate tañca, bhiyyo tappurisā+khyayā;

Taṃ yathā+tra rājāpaccaṃ, katthacīti+mitīdisaṃ.

A+mādyantānaṃ kārakānaṃ akārakānañca samāso katthacimeva vā hoti. Tañca bahulaṃvidhānenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Tattha dutiyātappuriso amādi gata+nissitā+tītā+tikkanta+pattā+pannādīhi bhavati. Saraṇaṃ gatoti samāse kate ‘‘ekatthatāyaṃ’’ti vibhattilopādi upari sabbattha pubbasamaṃ. Saraṇagato, saraṇagatā. Saraṇagatā, saraṇagatāyo. Saraṇagataṃ kulaṃ, saraṇagatāni kulāni iccādi. Araññagato, bhūmigato. Dhammaṃ nissito dhammanissito, atthanissito. Bhavaṃ atīto bhavātīto, kālātīto. Pamāṇaṃ atikkantaṃ pamāṇātikkantaṃ, lokātikkantaṃ. Sukhaṃ patto sukhappatto, dukkhappatto. Sotaṃ āpanno sotāpanno, nirodhasamāpanno, maggappaṭipanno. Rathaṃ āruḷho rathāruḷho. Sabbarattiṃ sobhaṇo sabbarattisobhaṇo, muhuttasukhaṃ. Akārakānaṃ samāso accantasaṃyoge. Vuttiyevo+papadasamāse, tassa niccattā. Yathā kammaṃ karotīti kammakāro, kumbhakāro, atthaṃ kāmetīti atthakāmo, dhammakāmo, dhammaṃ dhāretīti dhammadharo, vinayadharo. Sānaṃ pacatīti sapāko, tantaṃ vāyatīti tantavāyo, varaṃ āharatīti varāharo. Nta+māna+ktavantehi vākyameva. Dhammaṃ suṇanto, dhammaṃ suṇamāno, odanaṃ bhuttavā.

Tatiyātappuriso kitaka+pubba+sadisa+samo+nattha+kalaha+nipuṇa+missa+sakhilādīhi. Buddhena bhāsito buddhabhāsito dhammo, evaṃ jinadesito. Satthārā vaṇṇito satthuvaṇṇito. Viññūhi garahito viññugarahito, viññuppasattho, issarakataṃ, sayaṃ kataṃ, sukehi āhaṭaṃ sukāhaṭaṃ, raññā hato rājahato, rājapīḷito. Agginā daḍḍho aggidaḍḍho, sappena daṭṭho sappadaṭṭho, sallehi viddho sallaviddho, icchāya pakato icchāpakato, sīlasampanno. Evaṃ sukhasahagataṃ, ñāṇasampayuttaṃ, mittasaṃsaggo, piyavippayogo, jātithaddho, guṇahīno, guṇavuddho, catuvaggakaraṇīyaṃ, catuvaggādikattabbaṃ. Kākehi peyyā kākapeyyā, nadī. Kvaci vuttiyeva, urasā gacchatīti urago, pādena pivatīti pādapo. Kvaci vākyameva, pharasunā chinnavā, kākehi pātabbā, dassanena pahātabbā. Pubbādiyoge-māsena pubbo māsapubbo. Evaṃ mātusadiso, mātusamo. Ekūnavīsati, sīlavikalo, asikalaho, vācānipuṇo, yāvakālikasammissaṃ, vācāsakhilo. Satthārā sadiso satthusadiso, satthukappo, puññena atthiko puññatthiko, guṇādhiko. Dadhinā upasittaṃ bhojanaṃ dadhibhojanaṃ, guḷena saṃsaṭṭho odano guḷodano. Kārakasambandho kriyāya kato, upasittādikriyānaṃ apaññāyanepi vuttiyevo+pasittādikriyāna+mākhyāpanato natthā+yuttatthatā. Evaṃ khīrodano. Assena yutto ratho assaratho, maggacittaṃ, jambuyā paññāto lakkhito dīpo jambudīpo, ekena adhikā dasa ekādasa, jātiyā andho jaccandho, pakatiyā medhāvī pakatimedhāvī iccādi.

Catutthītappuriso tadattha+attha+hita+deyyādīhi. Tadatthe-kathinassa dussaṃ kathinadussaṃ, kathinacīvarassāti attho. Evaṃ cīvaradussaṃ, cīvaramūlaṃ, yāguyā atthāya taṇḍulā yāgutaṇḍulā, bhattataṇḍulā, saṅghassa atthāya bhattaṃ saṅghabhattaṃ, āgantukabhattaṃ, evaṃ gamikabhattaṃ, pāsādāya dabbaṃ pāsādadabbaṃ. Ettha cā+yaṃ niccasamāso, tassa tiliṅgatā ca-bhikkhusaṅghassa attho vihāro bhikkhusaṅghattho vihāro, bhikkhusaṅghatthā yāgu, bhikkhusaṅghatthaṃ cīvaraṃ. Yassa attho yadattho, yadatthā, yadatthaṃ. Evaṃ tadattho, tadatthā, tadatthaṃ. Tathā lokahito. Buddhassa deyyaṃ buddhadeyyaṃ pupphaṃ. Saṅghadeyyaṃ cīvaraṃ. Idha na hoti ‘‘saṅghassa dātabbaṃ’’.

Pañcamītappuriso apagamana+bhaya+virati+mocanatthādīhi. Methunasmā apeto methunāpeto, evaṃ palāpagato, nagaraniggato, piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto, kāmato nikkhantaṃ kāmanikkhantaṃ, rukkhaggā patito rukkhaggapatito, sāsanaccuto, āpatti- vuṭṭhānaṃ, dharaṇītalaggato, sabbabhavehi nissaṭo sabbabhavanissaṭo. Bhayatādiyoge-rājato bhayaṃ rājabhayaṃ, corabhayaṃ, amanussabhayaṃ, aggibhayaṃ, pāpabhīto, pāpabhīruko. Akattabbato virati akattabbavirati, evaṃ kāyaduccaritavirati, vacīduccaritavirati. Bandhanā mutto bandhanamutto, vanamutto, bandhanamokkho. Kammasamuṭṭhitaṃ, ukkaṭṭhukkaṭṭhaṃ, omakomakaṃ. Kvaci vuttiyeva, kammato jātaṃ kammajaṃ, evaṃ cittajaṃ, utujaṃ, āhārajaṃ. Idha na hoti ‘pāsādā patito’.

Chaṭṭhītappuriso rañño putto rājaputto, evaṃ rājapuriso, ācariyapūjako, buddhasāvako, buddharūpaṃ, jinavacanaṃ, samuddaghoso, dhaññānaṃ rāsi dhaññarāsi, pupphagandho, phalaraso, kāyassa lahutā kāyalahutā. Maraṇassati, rukkhamūlaṃ, ayassa patto ayopatto, ettha ‘‘manādyāpādīna+mo maye ce’’ti o. Evaṃ suvaṇṇakaṭāhaṃ, pānīyathālakaṃ, sappikumbho, devānaṃ rājā devarājā. Pumassa liṅgaṃ pulliṅgaṃ, ‘‘puṃ pumassavā’’ti pumassa puṃ, niggahītalopo, lassa dvibhāvo ca. Hatthipadaṃ, itthirūpaṃ, bhikkhunisaṅgho, jambusākhā, ettha īkārūkārānaṃ rasso. Bahulādhikārā nta+māna+niddhāriya+pūraṇa+bhāva+tittatthehi na hoti. Mamā+nukubbaṃ, mamā+nukurumāno, gunnaṃ kaṇhā sampannakhīratamā, sissānaṃ pañcamo, paṭassa suttatā. Kvaci hoteva ‘vattamānasāmīpyaṃ’. Brāhmaṇassa sukkā dantāti sāpekkhatāya na hoti. Phalānaṃ titto, phalāna+māsito, phalānaṃ suhito. ‘‘Brāhmaṇassa uccaṃ gehaṃ’’ti sāpekkhatāya na hoti. ‘‘Rañño pāṭaliputtakassa dhanaṃ’’ti dhanasambandhe chaṭṭhīti pāṭaliputtakena sambandhābhāvā na hoti. ‘‘Rañño go ca asso ca puriso cā’’ti bhinnatthatāya vākyameva. Rañño gavassapurisā rājagavassapurisāti vutti hoteva, ekatthībhāvā. Sambandhīsaddānaṃ pana niccasāpekkhattepi gamakattā samāso, gamakattampi hi samāsassa nibandhanaṃ, yathā devadattassa gurukulaṃ, bhagavato sāvakasaṅghotiādi.

Sattamītappuriso rūpe saññā rūpasaññā, evaṃ rūpasañcetanā, saṃsāradukkhaṃ. Cakkhumhi sannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Dhamme rato dhammarato, dhammābhirati, dhammaruci, dhammagāravo, dhammesu nirutti dhammanirutti, dānādhimutti, bhavantarakataṃ. Dassane assādo dassanassādo. Araññe vāso araññavāso, vikālabhojanaṃ, kālavassaṃ, vanapupphaṃ, vanamahiso, gāmasūkaro, samuddamacchā, āvāṭakacchapo, āvāṭamaṇḍūko, kūpamaṇḍūko, titthanāvā. Itthīsu dhutto itthidhutto, akkhadhutto. Chāyāyaṃ sukkho chāyāsukkho, aṅgārapakkaṃ, cārakavano. Kvaci vuttiyeva, vane caratīti vanacarako, kucchimhi sayantīti kucchisayā, thale tiṭṭhatīti thalaṭṭho, jalaṭṭho, pabbataṭṭho, maggaṭṭho. Paṅke jātaṃ paṅkajaṃ, saroruha+miccādi. Idha na hoti, bhojane mattaññutā, indriyesu guttadvāratā, āsane nisinno, āsane nisīditabbaṃ.

11. Visesana+mekatthena

Visesanaṃ syādyantaṃ visessena syādyantena samānādhikaraṇenasahe+katthaṃ hoti.

Samānatthe pade yattha, bhedyabhedakavācake;

Visesanasamāso+yaṃ, visessatthapadhānato.

Visessagata+meva+tra, liṅga+metaṃ paraṃ tato;

Kammadhāraya+micce+sa, samāso+ññehi saññito.

Sutte visessenāti avuttepi visesanassa sambandhīsaddattā sāmatthiyato labbhamānaākaḍḍhitasaddaṃ pati ‘‘visessenā’’ti vuttaṃ. Vuttañca –

Sāmaññavatthu yā vattha+ntarato tu visesiya;

Ekappakāre ṭhapanā, visesana+mitī+ritaṃ.

Ekappakāragaṃ vatthu, visessanti pavuccati;

Padāni yāni yāneva, sambandha+mupayanti+ha;

Gamyate kāmacārena, visesana+visessatāti.

Ettha ca uppaladabbaṃ rattuppalādito visesayatīti nīlasaddo visesanaṃ. Tena visesiyatīti uppalasaddo visessaṃ. Api ca bhamara+ṅgārādisāmañña nīlatthato visesiyatīti nīlaṃ visessaṃ. Na vatthādīnaṃ, uppalassevāti visesanato uppalaṃ visesanaṃti kāmacāreneti vuttaṃ. Api ca –

Parito ayantya+nena+tthā, pariyāyoti vuccati;

Govācāti pavutte tu, vācattho tu visesanaṃ.

Visesse dissamānā yā, liṅga+saṃkhyā+vibhattiyo;

Tulyādhikaraṇe bhiyyo, kattabbā tā visesaneti –

Vuttattā mahanto+ccādīsu samānaliṅgādayo daṭṭhabbā. Bhiyyoti kiṃ, devā pamāṇaṃ iccādi.

So ca chabbidho visesanapubbapado, visesanuttarapado, visesanobhayapado, upamānuttarapado, sambhāvanāpubbapado, avadhāraṇapubbapadoti.

Tattha visesanapubbapade tāva-mahanto ca so puriso cāti vākye iminā suttena samāso. ‘‘Ṭa nta+ntūnaṃ’’ti ntassa ṭādese dīgho hoti, mahāpuriso, mahāpurisā iccādi.

Vākye tulyādhikaraṇabhāva pakāsanatthaṃ ca+ta-saddapayogo. Vuttiyantu samāseneva tappakāsanato na tappayogo. Eva+maññatrāpi vuttatthāna+mappayogo. Evaṃ mahāvīro, mahāmuni. Mahantañca taṃ balañcāti mahābalaṃ, mahabbhayaṃ. Santo ca so puriso cāti sappuriso. Tathā pubbapuriso, aparapuriso, paṭhamapuriso, majjhimapuriso, uttamapuriso, parapuriso, setahatthī, kaṇhasappo, nīluppalaṃ, rattuppalaṃ, lohitacandanaṃ. Kvaci na hoti, puṇṇo mantānīputto, citto gahapati. Pumā ca so kokilo cāti puṅkokilo, uttarapade pumassa puṃ hoti. Evaṃ punnāgo.

Khattiyā ca sā kaññā cāti khattiyakaññā.

67. Itthiyaṃ bhāsitapumi+tthī pumeve+kattheti

Bhāsitapumā itthī pumeva hotīti pumbhāvā itthipaccayānaṃ nivatti hoti. Evaṃ rattalatā, dutiyabhikkhā. Brāhmaṇī ca sā dārikā cāti brāhmaṇadārikā, nāgamāṇavikā. Itthiyanti kiṃ, kumāriratanaṃ, samaṇipadumaṃ. Bhāsitapumāti kiṃ, gaṅgānadī, taṇhānadī, pathavīdhātu. Puratthimo ca so kāyo cāti puratthimakāyo. Ettha ca kāyekadese kāyasaddo. Evaṃ pacchimakāyo, uparimakāyo, heṭṭhimakāyo, sabbakāyo, navāvāso, kataranikāyo, hetupaccayo. Jīvitappadhānaṃ navakaṃ jīvitanavaka+miccādi.

Visesanuttarapade therā+cariya+paṇḍitā visesanaṃ parañca bhavati. Yathā sāriputto ca so thero cāti sāriputtatthero, evaṃ mahāmoggallānatthero, mahākassapatthero, buddhaghosācariyo, dhammapālācariyo, ācariyaguttilo vā. Mahosadho ca so paṇḍito cāti mahosadhapaṇḍito, evaṃ vidhurapaṇḍito.

Visesanobhayapade yathā-sītañca taṃ uṇhañcāti sītuṇhaṃ, siniddho ca so uṇho cāti siniddhuṇho māso. Khañjo ca so khujjo cāti khañjakhujjo, evaṃ andhabadhiro, katākataṃ, chiddāvachiddaṃ, uccāvacaṃ, chinnabhinnaṃ, gatapaccāgataṃ. Kvaci pubbakālassāpi paranipāto, vāsito ca so litto cāti littavāsito, evaṃ naggamūsito, sittasammaṭṭho, bhaṭṭhaluñjito.

Upamanuttarapade upamānabhūtaṃ visesanaṃ paraṃ bhavati, yathā sīhoti vutte upacaritā+nupacaritasīhānaṃ sāmaññappatītiyaṃ munisaddo viseseti. Ettha ca –

Upamāno+pameyyānaṃ, sadhammattaṃ siyo+pamā.

Sā ca vatthu+vaṇṇa+ākārānaṃ sāmyena hoti. Sīhova sīho, muni ca so sīho cāti munisīho, munivasabho, munipuṅgavo, buddhanāgo, buddhādicco. Raṃsī viya raṃsī, saddhammo ca so raṃsī cāti saddhammaraṃsī, evaṃ vinayasāgaro. Puṇḍarikamiva puṇḍariko, samaṇo ca so puṇḍariko cāti samaṇapuṇḍariko, samaṇapadumo. Cando viya cando, mukhañca taṃ cando cāti mukhacando, mukhapadumaṃ iccādi.

Sambhāvanāpubbapade yathā-dhammoti buddhi dhammabuddhi, evaṃ dhammasaññā, dhammasaṅkhāto, dhammasammato, pāṇasaññitā, asubhasaññā, aniccasaññā, dhātusaññā, attasaññā, attadiṭṭhi iccādi.

Avadhāraṇapubbapade yathā-guṇo eva dhanaṃ guṇadhanaṃ, evaṃ saddhādhanaṃ, sīladhanaṃ, paññāratanaṃ, cakkhu eva indriyaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ, evaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ, cakkhudhātu, cakkhudvāraṃ, rūpārammaṇa+miccādi.

Visesana+visessehi, kriyāya ca sahe+rito;

Tesaṃ bhāvaṃ vivecetā, nipāto byavacchindati.

Ayoga+maññayogañca, accantāyoga+mevi+ti;

Vivakkhāto payuttopi, evattho ñāyate yato.

Byavacchedaphalaṃ vākyaṃ, tato citto dhanuddharo;

Pāttho dhanuddharo nīlu+ppala+matthīti taṃ yathā.

Ettha nipātoti eva-itinipāto, appayuttopi evasaddo evaṃ yojetabbo – ‘‘citto dhanuddharo evā’’ti visesanena yutto ayogavivacchedako, dhanunā yoge patiṭṭhāpanato ‘‘pāttho eva dhanuddharo’’ti visessena yutto aññayogavivacchedako, dhanuddharattassa pātthasaṃkhātaajjune eva patiṭṭhāpanato. ‘‘Nīluppala+matthevā’’ti kriyāya yutto accantāyogavivacchedako, nīluppalassa sabbhāveyeva patiṭṭhāpanato.

21. Saṃkhyādi

Ekatthe samāhāre saṃkhyādi napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ bhavati. Tayo lokā samāhaṭā=cittena sampiṇḍitā, tiṇṇaṃ lokānaṃ samāhāroti vā vākye visesanasamāse kate iminā napuṃsakattaṃ bhavati. Samāhārasse+kattā ekavacanameva, tilokaṃ, bho tiloka, tilokaṃ, tilokena iccādi. Evaṃ tayo daṇḍā tidaṇḍaṃ, tīṇi malāni samāhaṭāni, tiṇṇaṃ malānaṃ samāhāroti vā timalaṃ, tilakkhaṇaṃ, catusaccaṃ, pañcasikkhāpadaṃ, chaṭṭhāyatanaṃ, sattāhaṃ, aṭṭhasīlaṃ, navalokuttaraṃ, dasasīlaṃ, satayojanaṃ. Dve rattiyo samāhaṭā dvirattaṃ.

12. Naña

Naūccetaṃ syādyantaṃ syādyantena sahe+katthaṃ hoti. Ññakāro ‘‘ṭa nañassā’’ti visesanattho ‘pāmanaputtādīsu nassa ṭo mā hotū’ti. Na brāhmaṇo abrāhmaṇo, ‘‘ṭa nañassā’’ti nassa ṭādeso. Ñña-kāro ettheva visesanattho.

Na-nisedho sato yutto, desādiniyamaṃ vinā;

Asato vā+phalo tasmā, katha+mabrāhmaṇotice.

Nisedhatthānuvādena, paṭisedhavidhi kvaci;

Parassa micchāñāṇattā+khyāpanāyo+papajjate.

Duvidho ca+ssa nassa attho pasajjapaṭisedha+pariyudāsavasena. Tattha yo ‘‘asūrikapassārājadārā’’tiādīsu viya uttarapadatthassa sabbadā abhāvaṃ dīpeti, so pasajjapaṭisedhavācī nāma. Yo pana ‘‘abrāhmaṇa+mānayā’’tiādīsu viya uttarapadatthaṃ pariyudāsitvā paṭikkhipitvā taṃsadise vatthumhi kāriyaṃ paṭipādayati, so pariyudāsavācī nāma. Vuttañca –

Pasajjapaṭisedhassa, lakkhaṇaṃ vatthunatthitā;

Vatthuto+ññatra yā vutti, pariyudāsalakkhaṇaṃ.

Yatra abrāhmaṇādīsu, vatthuṃ pariyudassati;

Takriyāyuttarājādiṃ, vade so pariyudāsako.

Pasajjapaṭisedho tu, vatthantara+manādiya;

Kiñcivatthunisedhassa, pasaṅgo na bhaveyya so.

Tadañño ca taṃviruddho,

Tadabhāvo ca naññattho.

Tadaññatthe – abrāhmaṇo, brāhmaṇato añño taṃsadisoti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ amanusso, assamaṇo, na byākatā abyākatā dhammā. Tabbiruddhatthe-na kusalā akusalā, kusalapaṭipakkhāti attho. Evaṃ alobho, amitto, ayaṃ pariyudāsanayo. Tadabhāve-na katvā akatvā, akātuna puññaṃ, akaronto, abhāvo bhavati. Ayaṃ pasajjapaṭisedhanayo.

Ettha ca ubhosu pariyudāse brāhmaṇā añño brāhmaṇadhamme appatiṭṭhito khattiyādi brāhmaṇasadisova abrāhmaṇoti vutte patīyate. Itarasmiṃ pana pakkhe kenaci saṃsayanimittena khattiyādo brāhmaṇoti vuttassa micchāñāṇanivutti karīyati ‘‘brāhmaṇo+yaṃ na bhavati abrāhmaṇo’’ti, brāhmaṇattajjhāsito na bhavatītyattho. Tattha sadisattaṃ vinā micchāñāṇāsambhavā payogasāmatthiyā ca sadisapaṭipatti, taggatā ca liṅga+saṅkhyā bhavanti. Atoyeva uccate ‘‘naññivayutta+maññasadisādhikaraṇe, kathā hi atthasampaccayo’’ti.

75. Ana sareti

Nañasaddassa sare ana, na asso anasso, na ariyo anariyo. Evaṃ anissaro, aniṭṭho, anāsavo. Na ādāya anādāya, anoloketvā icchādi. Bahulādhikārā ayuttatthehi kehici hoti. Puna na gīyantīti apunageyyā gāthā, anokāsaṃ kāretvā, amūlāmūlaṃ gantvā, acandamullokikāni mukhāni, asaddhabhojī, alavaṇabhojī.

13. Kupādayo nicca+masyādividhimhi

Kusaddo pādayo ca syādyantena sahe+katthā honti niccaṃ syādividhivisayato+ññattha. Ettha abyabhicāripādisahacaraṇatthena kuiti nipātova, na pathavīvācako kusaddo. Syādividhivisayo nāma ‘‘lakkhaṇitthambhūtā’’ dinā patiādīnaṃ visaye katadutiyā, tañca anvaddhamāsanti asaṃkhyasamāsa+miva mā hotūti ‘‘asyādividhimhī’’ti nisedho. Kucchito brāhmaṇo kubrāhmaṇo, niccasamāsattā asapadena viggaho.

107. Sare kada kussu+ttaratthe

Kussu+ttaratthe vattamānassa sarādo uttarapade kadādeso hoti. Īsakaṃ uṇhaṃ kaduṇhaṃ, kucchitaṃ annaṃ kadannaṃ, kadasanaṃ. Sareti kiṃ, kuputtā, kudārā, kudāsā, kudiṭṭhi.

108. Kā+ppatthe

Appatthe vattamānassa kussa kā hotu+ttarapade. Appakaṃ lavaṇaṃ kālavaṇaṃ. Evaṃ kāpupphaṃ.

109. Purise vāti

Kussa kā vā. Kucchito puriso kāpuriso, kupuriso vā. Pakaṭṭho nāyako panāyako, padhānaṃ vacanaṃ pāvacanaṃ bhusaṃ vaddhaṃ pavaddhaṃ sarīraṃ, samaṃ sammā vā ādhānaṃ samādhānaṃ, vividhā mati vimati, vividho visiṭṭho vā kappo vikappo, adhiko devo atidevo, evaṃ adhidevo, adhisīlaṃ. Sundaro gandho sugandho, kacchito gandho duggandho, suṭṭhu kataṃ sukataṃ, duṭṭhu kataṃ dukkataṃ abhi siñcanaṃ abhisekoti sananto, atisayena katvā, kataṃ pakaritvā, pakataṃ, atisayena thutaṃ atitthutaṃ, atikkamma thutaṃ atitthutaṃ, īsaṃ kaḷāro ākaḷāro, suṭṭhu baddho ābaddho.

Pādayo gatādyatthe paṭhamāya

Pagato ācariyo pācariyo, evaṃ pantevāsī.

Accādayo kantādyatthe dutiyāya

Atikkanto mañcaṃ atimañco. Atimālo, ‘‘ghapassa+ntassā+ppadhānassā’’ti mālāsadde ghassa rasso. Eva+muparipi ghapānaṃ rasso.

Avādayo kuṭṭhādyatthe tatiyāya

Avakuṭṭhaṃ kokilāya vanaṃ avakokilaṃ, avamayūraṃ. Avakuṭṭhanti pariccattaṃ.

Pariyādayo gilānādyatthe catutthiyā

Parigilāno+jjhenāya pariyajjheno.

Nyādayo kantādyatthe pañcamiyā

Nikkhanto kosambiyā nikkosambi. Asyādividhimhīti kiṃ, rukkhaṃ pati vijjotate.

14. Cī kriyatthehi

Cīpaccayanto kriyatthehi syādyantehi sahe+kattho hoti. Amalīnaṃ malīnaṃ karitvāti viggayha ‘‘abhūtatabbhāve karā+sa+bhūyoge vikārācī’’ti cīpaccayekate iminā samāso. Ettha ca-kāro ‘‘cī kriyatthehī’’ti visesanattho. ‘‘Pyo vā tvāssa samāse’’ti pya hoti, pa-kāro ‘‘pye sissā’’ti visesanattho. Malinīkariya.

15. Bhūsanā+darā+nādaresva+laṃ+sā+sāti

Bhūsanādīsva+tthesva+la+mādayo saddā ekatthā honti. Alaṃ karitvā sakkaritvā asakkaritvāti viggayha samāse kate pye ca ‘‘sā sādhikarā ca cariccā’’ti cādeso pararūpañca. Alaṃkariya, sakkacca, asakkacca.

16. Aññecā+ti suttena samāse kate… ettha yathā dvāraṃ vivarāti vutte pakaraṇato aggala+miti viññāyati, eva+midhāpi nipātapabhāve aññe cāti sāmaññaṃ ce+ti āgamānusārena labbhamānavibhatyantapaṭirūpanipātāva viññāyanti. Aggato bhavitvā purobhuyya, antarahito hutvā tirobhūya, antaradhānaṃ katvā tirokariya, urasi katvā urasikariya, manasi katvā manasikariya, majjhe katvā majjhekariya, tuṇhī bhavitvā tuṇhī bhūya.

17. Vā+neka+ññatthe

Anekaṃ syādyantaṃ aññassa padassa atthe ekatthaṃ vā hoti.

Padantarassa yassa+ttho, padhānaṃ liṅga+massa ca;

Samāso so+ya+maññattho, bahubbīhiparavhayo.

So ca navavidho dvipado, bhinnādhikaraṇo, tipado, na-nipātapubbapado, sahapubbapado, upamānapubbapado, saṅkhyobhayapado, disantarālattho, byatihāralakkhaṇo cāti.

1. Tattha dvipado tulyādhikaraṇo kammādīsu chasu vibhatyatthesu bhavati.

(Ka) tattha dutiyatthe tāva-āgatā samaṇā imaṃ saṅghārāmanti āgatasamaṇo saṅghārāmo. So ca duvidho tagguṇā+tagguṇavasena. Vuttañhi –

Tagguṇo+tagguṇo ce+ti,

So samāso dvidhā mato.

Taṃ yathā ‘nīyataṃ lamba-

Kaṇṇo+’ ‘yaṃ diṭṭhasāgaro’.

Tesu yattha visesanabhūto attho aññapadatthaggahaṇena gayhati, so tagguṇasaṃviññāṇo, yathā ‘lambakaṇṇa+mānayā’ti. Yattha pana na gayhati, so atagguṇasaṃviññāṇo, yathā ‘bahudhana+mānayā’ti.

Idha visesanassa pubbanipāto. Ettha ca āgatasaddo ca samaṇasaddo ca attano atthe aṭṭhatvā dutiyāvibhatyatthabhūte saṅghārāmasaṅkhāte aññapadatthe vattanti, tato samāseneva kammatthassa abhihitattā puna dutiyā na hoti. Tathā āgatasamaṇā sāvatthi, āgatasamaṇaṃ jetavanaṃ. Paṭipannā addhikā yaṃ paṭipannaddhiko patho, abhirūḷhāva, ṇijāyaṃ nāvaṃ sā abhirūḷhavāṇijā nāvā.

(Kha) tatiyatthe-jitāni indriyāni yena so jitindriyo samaṇo, evaṃ diṭṭhadhammo, pattadhammo, katakicco. Vijitā mārā anenāti vijitamāro bhagavā, paṭividdhasabbadhammo. Karaṇatthe-chinno rukkho yena so chinnarukkho pharasu.

(Ga) catutthiyatthe-dinno suṅko yassa so dinnasuṅko rājā, dinnaṃ bhojanaṃ assāti dinnabhojano.

(Gha) pañcamiyatthe-niggatā janā yasmā so niggatajano gāmo, niggato ayo=sukhaṃ yasmāti nirayo, nikkile- so. Apetaṃ viññāṇaṃ asmāti apetaviññāṇo matakāyo, apagatabhayabheravo arahā.

(Ṅa) chaṭṭhiyatthe-chinnā hatthā yassa so chinnahattho. Evaṃ paripuṇṇasaṅkappo khīṇāsavo, vīto rāgo assāti vītarāgo. Dve padāni assāti dvipado, dvihattho paṭo. Tevijjoti ettha tivijjo evāti sakatthe ṇo vuddhi ca. Catuppado, pañca cakkhūni assāti pañcacakkhu bhagavā, chaḷabhiñño, ‘‘ghapassā’’dinā rassattaṃ. Navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ. Dasabalo, anantañāṇo. Tīṇi dasa parimāṇa+mesaṃti tidasā devā, idha parimāṇasaddasannimānato dasasaddo saṅkhyāne vattate. Ayaṃ paccayo etesanti idappaccayā, uttarapade ‘‘imassi+daṃ vā’’ti imassa idaṃ. Ko pabhavo assāti kiṃ pabhavo kāyo. Vigataṃ malaṃ assāti vimalo, sundaro gandho assāti sugandhaṃ candanaṃ, evaṃ susīlo, sumukho, kucchito gandho assāti duggandhaṃ kuṇapaṃ, dummukho, duṭṭhu mano assāti dummano, evaṃ dussīlo. Tapo eva dhanaṃ assāti tapodhano. Khantisaṅkhātaṃ balaṃ assāti khantibalo. Indoti nāmaṃ etassāti indanāmo.

Chandajātādīsu visesanavisesitabbānaṃ yathicchitattā ubhayaṃ pubbaṃ nipatati, kamātikkame payojanābhāvā. Jāto chando assāti jātachando, evaṃ chandajāto. Sañjātapītisomanasso, pītisomanassasañjāto. Māsajāto, jātamāso. Chinnahattho, hatthachinno.