26. Pañca

Avadhīyate visilissate etasmātyavadhi, avapubbāya dhādhātuto avadhimhi‘‘dādhātvī’’ti (5-45) i.

Yato-vadhīyate kiñci, kriyāpubbaṃ kutocipi;

Calañcācalamaññañca, taṃ vadantya vadhimbudhā.

Etthāyamattho ‘‘yatokutocipi attho kiñci vatthuavadhīyate saṃyogassa vā kiriyānimittaṃ gamanadānādikiriyāpubbaṃ visilissate sayaṃ vā apeti aññena vā visuṃ karīyate, tamevaṃvidhaṃ calañcā calañca visilesaparicchedabhūtaṃ padatthamavadhiṃ vadanti budhā tabbiduno’’ti, taṃ yathā dhāvatāssā puriso patati, purisaṃ pāteti vā, rukkhā paṇṇaṃ patati, paṇṇaṃ pāteti vāti, soca tidhāpyuccate visayabhedena, yathā–

Niddiṭṭhavisayo koci, upāttavisayo tathā;

Anumeyyavisayo cāti, tidhāvadhi samīritoti.

Tattha niddiṭṭhā vacanopanītā kiriyā visayo yattha so niddiṭṭha visayo vadhi, yathā-‘gāmasmā āgato’ti, upāttājjhāhaṭā kiriyā visayo yattha so upāttavisayo, yathā-‘valāhakā vijjotate’ti, valāhakā nikkhamma vijjobhateti attho, anumeyyā kiriyā visayo yattha so anumeyyavisayo, yathā‘māthurā pāṭaliputtakehi abhirūpatarā’ti, ettha abhirūpaguṇena ukkaṃsanamanumeyyaṃ, atoyevetthāyameva saññā paripphuṭā viññāyatīti na kācidiha saññā paribhāsīyate byāmohakāriṇī, athāvadhismāti vuccamāne ‘padatthāvadhismā’ti kuto-vasīyate yenevaṃ vivaraṇaṃ katantyāsaṅkiyāha-padāna’miccādi. Yathā gāmasmātiādinā idaṃ dīpeti ‘‘na kevalaṃ kāyasaṃsaggapubbakova visileso, kiñcarahi buddhisaṃsaggapubbakopi, atthi ceha buddhisaṃsagga pubbako, tathāhi corehi bhāyatityādo yo (bhaya)pekkhaṇa sīlo bhavati, so yadi maṃ corā passeyyuṃ, dhuvaṃ me maraṇanti vicārento te buddhiyā pappoti pappuyya ca tato nivattate, tathā corehi tāyatityādo yo ekassa mitto bhavati so yadyetaṃ corā passeyyuṃ dhuvamassa maraṇanti passanto te buddhiyā patvā tato nivattayatītyavadhittā avadhismāva sabbattha pañcamī’’ti, parehi pana etādisesu sabbattha paṭipattuvisesānuggahāya sutteheva papañco kato, idha pana sāmaññavacaneneva siddhattā tadanuggahāya udāharaṇeheva papañcitaṃ, bhītibhāyanatthānanti bhīti tāyanānaṃ attho yesaṃ te bhītitāyanatthā tesanti attho, nanu bhītyatthānaṃ payoge bhayahetu sambhavati natu tāyanatthānanti, nesa doso, tāyanañhi rakkhanamuccate [sāyanāhi rakkhanamuppajjabhe (potthake)] tañca bhayahetuto vetyāha-‘yo bhayahetu’tiādi, iminā ca ‘‘bhītyatthānaṃ bhayahetu’’ti (1-4-25) pāṇiniyānamapādānasaññā suttampaṭikkhipati, tatoti bhayahetuto, tesanti bhayatāyanānaṃ, bhayamaniṭṭhapātasaṅkā, uttāsotyattho, tāyana maniṭṭhapātato parirakkhanaṃ, yathā dassanaṃ hontevātīminā vacanicchāyeva padhānattamāha, ko hi lokiyaṃ vacanicchamativattituṃ sakkoti, tathāhi sabbeva dabbādayo sabbakārakasattiyuttāva, tatthāyaṃ kārakavibhāgo vacanicchāvaseneva, taṃ yathā ‘valāhako vijjotate, valāhakena vijjotate, valāhake vijjotate’ti. Parāpubbassātiādinā ‘‘parājissāsayho’’ti (1-4-26) saññāsuttaṃ paccakkhāti, asayho atthoti sahituṃ abhibhavitumasamattho attho, ajjhenasakāsāiccādinā udāharaṇatthamācikkhati, nanucevamatthaṃ vadatā yaññadattassāsayhattaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ kathaṃ ajjhayanassāsayhattaṃ, yenāsayhattassāvadhittaṃ paṭipādayati tyāsaṅkiyāha-‘yaññadattānabhibhavo’ccādi, asayhotīmassa paccudāharaṇaṃ paṭipādayati ‘yo pani’ccādi. ‘‘Vāraṇatthānamicchito’’ti (1-4-27) suttitaṃ, tadāha ‘vāraṇatthāna’miccādi, vāraṇamattho yesaṃ te vāraṇatthā, avadhimattavacanicchāyanti visesato vidhānamantarenā vadhimatta vacanicchāyaṃ, visesavidhāneti icchitoti visesavidhāne, cittassāvadhivacanicchāyampana cittato pāpaṃ nivārayeti bhavati. ‘‘Rakkhanatthānamicchita’’nti (2-6-3) suttitaṃ, tadāha-‘rakkhanatthāna’miccādi, kesañcīti kaccāyanādike dasseti. ‘‘Antaradhāne yenādassanamicchatī’’ti (1-4-28) saññāsuttamāraddhaṃ, tadāha-‘antaradhāne’ccādi, ayamupajjhāyo yadi maṃ passatīti sambandho, dassane dosaṃ takketi ‘nuna’miccādinā, pesanamasakkārapubbako niyogo, ajjhesanaṃ sakkārapubbako, maññamāno sissā ahaṃ kathannāma byavahito bhavāmīti antaradhāne byavadhāna nimittaṃ, yena attano adassanamicchatīti sambandho, antaradhāneti nimittasattamīcāyaṃ, ato āha-‘byavadhānanimitta’nti, byavahitoti antarahito, māmaṃ upajjhāyotyādinā udāharaṇatthamāha, byavadhānatthaṃ byavahitatthaṃ, ‘‘antaradhāneti kiṃ core na didikkhatī’’ti paccudāhaṭaṃ parehi, tampaṭipādayamāha-‘yatthādassana’miccādi, core na didikkhatī (tya), tra hi yo core na didikkhati tehi attano adassanamicchatīti na antaradhānanimittaṃ, kintupaghātanivatyatthaṃ, kintupaghātanivattiyāti evaṃ maññate ‘‘nātrāntaradhāname (vāvaseyaṃ), kintu tannimitto paghātanivattipi, ‘upajjhāyā antaradhāyatī’tyatra vināpyupaghātasambhavamantaradhānasampādanameva sambhavatī’’ti. Icchatiggahaṇaṃ kimatthaṃ adassanicchāyaṃ sati satyapi dassane yathāsiyā’’ti vuttaṃ, (taṃ) paṭipādayamāha-‘adassanicchāyampani’ccādi, satīpi dassaneti upajjhāyena dassane satīpi, tatoti upajjhāyato, avadhirūpatā evāti upajjhāyassāvadhirūpatā eva. ‘‘Ākhyāto payoge’’ti (1-4-29) paravacanaṃ, tadāha ‘upayoge’ccādi, niyamapubbakaṃ vijjāgahaṇamupayogo trādhippeto, upayogavacanasāmatthiyā vijjāgahaṇatthaṃ sissavattaṃ niyamo, tatoti ākhyātuto. ‘‘Janikattuno pakatī’’ti (1-4-30) saññāsuttaṃ kataṃ, tadāha-‘janyatthassā’tiādi, janino attho janyattho, kintaṃ jananaṃ, tatoti janikattuhetuto, pakatisaddena kāraṇamattaṃ gahitaṃparehi ‘puttā pamodā jāyate’ccādo puttāditopi yathā siyā’ti, duvidhaṃ (hi) kāraṇaṃ upādānakāraṇaṃ sahakārikāraṇañca, tattha kāriyenābhinnadeso ghaṭassa mattikāpiṇḍo upādānakāraṇaṃ, tasseva pana daṇḍacakkādi (kāriyena bhinnadeso) sahakārikāraṇaṃ, tesūpādānakāraṇasseha gahaṇe’siṅgā saro jāyate’ccatreva siyā, na tu ‘puttā pamodā jāyate’ccādo, kārakantaravacanicchāyanti ettha kārakantarādivacanicchāyanti pāṭhena bhavitabbaṃ… etthantare sambandha vacanicchāyapi sambhavato, tatra tiṭṭhantīti tatraṭṭhā, tesaṃ, loko-naññathāvādī vohārikajano, tattha bhavā lokiyā, navattu paṭibaddhāti lokavacanicchamullaṅgiya ahameva vadāmīti sakajjhāsayena vadanto vattā, tappaṭibaddhā na hotīti attho. ‘‘Pabhavo bhavatissā’’ti (1-4-31) suttitaṃ, tadāha-‘bhavatissā’tiādi, paṭhamato upalabbhatīti atthakathanena janyattho-tra na sambhavatīti vadati, nahi himavā gaṅgāya kāraṇaṃ, sā hi aññehi evakāraṇehi uppannā, himavati tu kevalaṃ paṭhamato upalabbhati. ‘‘Jigucchāvirāmapamādatthānumupasaṅkhyānaṃ’’ti (1-4-24vā) vuttaṃ, tadāha-‘viramaṇatthe’tyādi, jigucchāpamādatthadhātuyoge pana kammādhikaraṇavacanicchā dissatīti vuttaṃ, avadhivacanicchāpi pana dissake ‘jigucchati nāhiriko pāpā’ti, dhammā pamajjatītipi hoteva paṭisedhābhāvā. ‘‘Aññārāditararite disāsaddāñcuttarapadācāhi yutte’’ti (2-3-29) suttitaṃ, tadāha-‘aññasaddayoge’ccādi, yatoti devadattādito, ‘‘aññaityatthaggahaṇaṃ, tena pariyāyappayogepi bhavatī’’ti aññehi byākhyātattā āha-‘bhinno devadattā’ti, ārāsaddassa dūratthattā āsavakkhayato ārā dūro bhavatī(tyattho u) pādīyatetyāha‘ārāsaddo dūrattho’ti, niddissamānapaṭiyogīti ‘devadatto sūro’ti niddissamānassa kassaci yo so dutiyo, so paṭiyogī. Disādesakālavuttīnaṃ disāsaddattena pariggahato āha‘disā desakālavācīnaṃ yoge’ti, pubbeva sambodhātiādīni kālavācīyoge udāharaṇāni, añcuttarapadaācaāhipaccayayo getviha nodāhaṭaṃ. ‘‘Pañcamīvidhāne lyaplope kammanyupasaṅkhyānaṃ ‘‘adhikaraṇe copasaṅkhyāna’’miti (2-3-28-vā) vāttikaṃ, tadāha‘yattha’ccādi, lyappaccayassa yatrāppayogo, tassattho ce gamyate, so lyaplopo, tvālopo lyapalopotyaviseso, pāsāda māruyha pekkhati āsane upavisitvā pekkhatīti idaṃ visayo padassanaṃ pubbaṃ yassāti kiriyāvisesane samāso, vakkhamānasabbadassanesupi pāsādato-pakkamanalesasabbhāvā pāsādo (yevā) vadhirūpena vattumiṭṭhoti dassetumāha-‘tathāhi’ccādi, apakkamati tato taṃ dassananti tato pāsādato tassa daṭṭhuno dassanaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ apakkamatyapayātītyattho, avadhibhāvo pāsādassāti viññāyati, yesanti vesesikānaṃ, te hyevamācikkhanti ‘‘indriyesu cakkhundriyaṃ cakkhugoḷakato-ccantasukhumabhāvena nikkhamma visālībhavantaṃ visayadesamupagamma sakalamattanā diṭṭhaṃ passati raṃsirūpena, yathā kāhalā mūle kisā aggemahatī, tathā ñāṇindriyānī’’ti, adhiṭṭhānadesanti indriyādhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ cakkhugoḷakadesaṃ, visayappavattīti gocare pavatti, santatiyāti indriyapabandhassa, adhiṭṭhāna manindriyaṃ nāpajjateti sambandho, tatoti pāsādato, apakkantyāti apagamanena, yajjapi cakkhundriyaṃ cakkhugoḷakato bahi niggacchati, tathāpipāsādaṭṭhassacakkhugoḷakā niggacchatīti pāsādassāpyavadhibhāvo, yesantūti khaṇikavādīnantu, indriyādhiṭṭhānampatte visaye viññāṇalakkhaṇaṃ kāriyaṃ karonti sīlenāti pattakārīni, anindriyādhiṭṭhānadoso neti sambandho, tatoti pāsādato, yesampanāti khaṇikavādinova dasseti, atra hi cattāro pakkhā pattakārīnindriyāni, appattakārīni, cakkhusotāni appattakārīni sesāni vuttaviparitāni, cakkhuyeva pattakārī sesamaññatheti, catusveva tesu paṭhamapakkhadvayamupanyasya paṭipāditaṃ… tappaṭipādanenetaresampi paṭipāditattā, sabbasāmayikasādhāraṇattāsaddasatthassāti idaṃ ayuttamiva dissati… saddasatthassimassa buddhavacanopayogittena sogatasamayānuguṇappavattito, khaṇikavādino pana nissāyedaṃ sundarameva, manasikārādītiādisaddena cakkhuto [cakkhunā (potthake)] abhedo rūpāpāthagamo ca dassito, yoggadeseti dassanayogge padese. ‘‘Pucchanākhyānesu ca pañcamī vattabbā’’ti (2-3-28vā) vuttaṃ, tadāha-‘pucchanasaddato’ccādi, pucchanākhyānesu sāmaññena pañcamīvidhāne-tippasaṅgaṃ dassetumāha-‘avassa’miccādi, kassāti pañho, devadattassetyākhyānaṃ, koso yañña dattoti pañho vidhirūpovāyaṃ, yo-ṅgadītyādyanuvādarūpamākhyānaṃ, aṅgadīkeyūrī. ‘‘Yatocāddhakālanimmānaṃ tato pañcamī vattabbā’’ti (2-3-28vā) vuttaṃ, tadāha-‘addha’ccādi, nimīyate paricchijjate yena taṃ nimānaṃ, tadeva nimmānaṃ. ‘‘Addhassa paṭhamā sattamī ca vattabbā’’ti (2-3-28) vuttaṃ, tatthāyamattho ‘‘taṃ yuttāti vattate, taṃ yuttā pañcamiyutthā parassāddhassa paṭhamā ca sattamī ca vattabbā’’ti, pāṭaliputtasmāti pañcami yuttaṃ, etāpi na vattabbāti dassetumāha-‘sattayojanānī’tiādi, atra hi yadā rājagahassa yojanañcābhedo vattumicchīyate, tadā pāṭaliputtasmā rājagahaṃ sattayojanānīti, bhedavacanicchāyantu ‘‘sabbhāvo’’tyādinā (2-34) sattamī siddhā‘sattasu yojanesu’ti. Tathāhi pāṭaliputtasmā sattasu yojanesu sati rājagahaṃbhavatītyayamattho patīyate, sattayojanasambandhibhavanaṃ rājagaha (bhavana)ssa lakkhaṇambhavati. Sambandhe chaṭṭhīti iminā ‘‘taṃ yuttā kāle sattamī vattabbā’’ti (2-3-28vā) vacanampaṭikkhipati. ‘‘Karaṇeca thokappakicchakatipayassā sattavacanasse’’ti (2-3-33) suttitaṃ, tadāha-‘yadā iccādi, kicchādayotiādisaddena thokaappakatipaye saṅgaṇhāti, asattarūpanti addabbarūpaṃ, guṇe hetumhīti guṇapadatthe hetubhūte ‘‘guṇe’’ti (2-21) pañcamīti attho, yathāvuttavidhāneneti ‘‘guṇe’’ti sutte vuttavidhānena, ‘‘guṇe’’ti sutte vuttavidhānena, yadātviccādinā paresaṃ viya karaṇe visuṃ vidhāne payojanaṃ natthīti dasseti. Kattabbarūpassa calanassāti sambandho, samānādhikaraṇattena visesananti yojanā, samānādhikaraṇattenāti ca ‘rañño puriso’tyādo asamānādhikaraṇassāpi visesanattadassanato vuttaṃ, samānādhikaraṇattena visesanabhāvo cāssa thokaguṇānvite calane vattamāno thokasaddo asattavacanova visesananti, tenevākhyāyate ‘thokassa kammattā kamme dutiyā’ti. Pañcamītyanuvattamāne ‘‘dūrantikatthehi chaṭṭhī vā’’ti (2-3-34) vuttaṃ, tadāha‘dūranti katthehi’ccādi, avadhisambandhalakkhaṇāti avadhisambandhāva lakkhaṇaṃ nimittamāsaṃ pañcamīchaṭṭhīnaṃ tā tathā vuttā, vattumiṭṭhoti iminā vacanicchāyeva padhānattamāha, evaṃ carahi taṃtaṃ kārakavacanicchāyamaññāpi vibhattiyo kasmā nappayujjeyyunti āha-‘lokiyā cetthā’tiādi, ettha vibhattīnaṃ niyame lokiyā eva vacanicchā nibandhanaṃ kāraṇanti attho, pañcamīcātyanuvattamāne ‘‘dūranti katthehi dutiyā ce’’ti (2-3-35) vuttaṃ, ‘‘pañcamyadhikaraṇeca’’ (2-3-36) iccatra ca kārena dūranti katthehi sattamī ca vuttā pāṭi padikatthe sārasaṅgahakārādīhi, tadakkhippa aññāpadesena paṭikkhipituṃ kecityādi yaṃ vuttaṃ vuttiyaṃ, taṃ dassetumāha’kecīti sārasaṅgahādayo’tiādi. Dūrāpādāvasecananti ayaṃ tesampaṭikkhepana yoti sambandho, itisaddo panettha parihīno, nahitantiādīsu tasaddenāsattarūpaṃ dūrādi vattumicchitantyavaseyaṃ, na hi taṃ gamyate, na hi tato gamyate, na hi tena gamyate, na hi tasmiṃ ṭhīyate’ti visuṃ sambandho vaseyo. Patīyantecāti co vattabbantarasamuccaye, atoceti vakkhamānahetuparāmāso, yanti yasmā atthe nipāto, vākyakāro vararuci, taṃsāmānādhikaraṇyatoti dūrādisā mānādhikaraṇyato, taṃyuttatopīti dūrādiyuttā gāmādisaddatopi, paccakkhantoti vākyakāravacanaṃ paccācikkhanto, tathāhyatrāyaṃ mahābhāssa pāṭho ‘‘dūrantikatthehi pañcamīvidhāne taṃyuttā pañcamīpaṭisedho vattabbo dūrā gāmassa, tatrāpi dassanā anatthako-yampaṭisedho, tatrāpi hi pañcamī dissati–

Dūrasmāvasathā muttaṃ, dūrāpādāvasecanaṃ;

Guruto kupitā dūrā,bhābyaṃ dūrā ca dassuhiti.

Atra dūrantiketyādi vattabbaṃ vākyakāravacanaṃ, dūrā gāmassāti tassodāharaṇaṃ, tatrāpiccādi paccakkhānabhāssaṃ, dūrasmāvasathāti āvasathassa dūreti atthohi bhāssapadīpe keyyaṭo, paṭhamo puriso yassa so paṭhamapuriso bhavati ‘‘dūrantikā’’di (2-6-5) kaccāyanasutte suddhādiyogopi saṅgahito, tenāha–‘suddhappa mocanavivittappamāṇayoge’ti, ‘‘dhātunāmānamupasaggayogādīsvapica’’ iti (2-6-2) sutte caggahaṇato pabhutiyogo ca gahito, tenāha–‘pabhuti yogecā’ti, pabhutiyogecāti iminā pabhutyatthayogopi saṅgahito, teneva ‘yatosarāmi attāna’nti udāhaṭaṃ.