54. Vicchā

Yaṃvattateti vuttivacanaṃ nikkhipitvā tassa atthaṃ vattumārabhate ‘sambhavāpekkhāye’ccādi, yaṃvattateti ca sutte avijjamānepi gammamānatthassa saddassa payogampati kāmacāroti vuttiyaṃ vuttaṃ, yasaddassāniyamatthavuttittepi padavākyato nāññaṃ sambhavati vicchāyamābhikkhaññe ca vattamānanti āha ‘sambhavāpekkhāyapadaṃ vākyaṃvā’ti, sambhavatīti sambhavo-padaṃ vākyaṃ vā, tasmiṃ apekkhāya padaṃ vākyaṃ vā vattateti sambandho, vattateti vicchāyamābhiññe cātthe vattate, nanu padassa vākyassa vā visuṃyeva dabbādayo atthā, taṃ kathamida metasmiṃ vattudhamme kiriyādhamme ca vicchābhikkhaññatthe vattateti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha-‘visayabhāvenā’tiādi, vicchāya vattudhammassa kiriyādhammassa cābhikkhaññassa visayo padaṃ vākyaṃ vā… anaññatthavuttivasena tatthappavattiyā, taṃ vasenaca, abhidhāyakattena ceti gocarattena pakāsakattena cāti attho, yaṃvattateti ajjhāhaṭassa yanti paṭhamantassa vibhattivipariṇāmaṃ dasseti (tassāti) ādinā, iminā idaṃ dīpeti ‘‘yajjapi ‘vicchābhikkhaññesvi’ tyatra chaṭṭhīnoccārīyate, tathāpi chaṭṭhīpasiddhi hoteva, kathaṃ dve iccādesaniddesā ādeso ca sambandhīnamapekkhate, ‘vicchābhikkhaññesū’ti cātthaniddeso, na cātthassādesena sambandho upapajjate, tasmā vicchābhikkhaññesu yaṃ padaṃ vākyaṃ vā vattate tassa dve bhavanticcevaṃ chaṭṭhīyattho sakkā vattu’’nti, dve rūpāni hontīti dassitaṃ hotīti sambandho, saddarūpe saṅkhyayyeti dutiyā bahuvacanantaṃ paṭipādayamānoti ettha paṭipādanakiriyāya sambandhenopadiṭṭhaṃ, ‘‘vākyantaraṭṭhopi saddo tadaññasmimpi sambandhamupayātī’’ti dvisaddoti idaṃ upari vākyadvayepyupayujjati ‘dvisaddo vutto, dvisaddo na sarūpappadhāno’ti, atha sarūpappadhāno kasmā na vuttoti āha-‘bahuvacanena niddesā’ti, atha dveti sāmaññena vuttattā padavākyānaṃ ṭhāne dvibbacanaṃ vā siyā, tānevā vattantīti dvippayogo vā, tathā sati ‘yaṃvattate tassā’ti kasmā paṭhamameva nissāya vuttiyaṃ vivaraṇaṃ katanti āha-‘evañcā’tiādi, idāni dvippayogapakkhassa sadosattā agahitabhāvaṃ dassetumāha-‘yadātvi’ tyādi, tusaddo pubbasmā pakkhā visesassa padassako [visesanattho (potthake)], tattha hi dve [dverūpa (potthake)] saddarūpānyādisīyante, iha tu sova saddo dvirāvattate, āvuttī saṅkhyeyyāti evaṃ maññate ‘‘dvisaddo-yaṃ ‘‘ādasahi saṅkhyā saṅkhyeyye vattante’’ti vacanato saṅkhyeyyavacano, tasmeha saṅkhyeyyaṃ saddarūpaṃ vā siyā āvutti vā, iccapi niddeso tadubhayamapekkhiya napuṃsakaliṅgena vā siyā itthiliṅgena vā, tattha yadā napuṃsakaliṅgena niddeso, tadā saddarūpāni saṅkhyeyyāni bhavanti, yadā tu itthiliṅgena, tadā saddassāvuttī uccāraṇalakkhaṇā kiriyā saṅkhyeyā bhavanti, tato cettha āvuttīapi saṅkhyeyā hontī’’ti, tadā dvippayogo dvibbavacananti esa pakkhoti ayamettha bhāvo’’ yadā dve āvuttiyo vidhīyante tadā dvippayogo dvibbacanante sopekkho, (atra ṭhānyādesabhāvo natthi) [natuṭṭhāne dvibbacanapakkho (potthake)] āvutti hi kiriyā, tassā ceha saddo sādhanaṃ, na ca kiriyāya sādhanassa ca ṭhānyādesabhāvo upapajjate, tasmā yadāvuttī vidhīyante, tadā dippayogo dvibbacanante-so pakkho bhavatī’’ti, ayampi pakkho pāṇinīyehi pariggahīto, tadayuttaṃ dosaduṭṭhattāti sandassayamāha-‘so pane’tyādi, te hi dutiyampi pakkhamabbhupagamma upacāramattato bhedo, vatthutotvabhedo vāti ponopuññena taṃ sādhenti. Kathampana sadosattaṃ yenāyaṃ na gahitotyāha- ‘tathāhi’ccādi, ṇyo nasiyāti ‘‘tassa bhāvakammesu tta tā ttana ṇya ṇeyya ṇiya ṇiyā’’ti (4-59) bhāve vidhīyamāno ṇyo dvippayogapakkhe saddabhedasabbhāvā puna puneti samudāyasabhāvato punapuna bhāvoti atthe punapuna samudāyato na bhaveyyāti attho, na kevalaṃ ṇyova, atha kho ekapadantogadhānaṃ sarānaṃ sarānamādibhūtassukārassa bhavanto okāropi ‘‘sarānamādissā yuvaṇṇassā eo ṇānubandhe’’ti (4-124) na siyā, ‘‘manādyāpādīnamomaye ca ‘‘iti (3-59) okāro pana pakkhadvayepi hoteva… uttarapadassa nimittabhāvena gahitattā, pubbapakkhepi hi dve saddarūpānyevādisīyanteti hoteva pada bhedo, vakkhati hi ‘satīpi attagate bhede’ti. Nanu āvuttidhammabheda saddassupacarito bhedo, sarūpato tvabhedova, aññathā āvuttiyeva na siyā, ekassa hi vatthuno āvutti hoticcāha‘nāntarene’ccādi, aññatheti upacarito bhedo na sabhāvatoti ce, kāriyambhavatīti evi na sakkā vattunti sambandho, sabhāvato tvabhedo vāti upacārābhāvena vatthuto vijjamānabhedamavadhārayati, aññathāti yadi bhedo siyā, āvuttiyeva na siyāti etthāyamadhippāyo ‘‘yadi sabhāvatova bhedo bhinnassa pana kathamāvutti siyā’’ti, ṭhānisadisattāti ‘‘ṭhānīviyādeso’’ti paribhāsamupalakkheti.

Kiriyāyātiādīsu sahatthe tatiyā… kiriyādīhi dabbādyatthānaṃ vattu [kattu] byāpanicchāpavattito, desādīti ( ) [(hi) (potthake)] ādisaddena kālāvatthādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti, nānākārayuttameva bhinnaṃ nāma hotīti āha-‘anekappakārayutte’ti, bahuvacananiddesato vuttaṃ hotīti sambandho, tenāti yena bahuvacananiddesena sakiṃ byāpanicchā jotīyati tena karaṇabhūtena hetubhūtena vā, kamena byāpitumicchāyaṃ jātiādīnañca byāpitumicchāyanti sambandho, tattha ayañca gāmo ramaṇīyo ayañca gāmo ramaṇīyoti kamena byāpitumicchā, ettha kiñcāpi ramaṇīyaguṇena gāmadabbayogo atthi, tathāpi gāmānaṃ guṇena yogo, sabbo gāmo ramaṇīyoti bāhullena, natthi sākallena [kamena (potthake)] byāpitumiṭṭhattanti sakalabyāpanicchāyābhāvoti na dvibbacanaṃ, evamupari yojetvā attho daṭṭhabbo, sampanno yavoti sampannaguṇena yavajātiyā byāpitumicchā, ekatthā jāti, anekattha nissayā vicchā [ekatthājāti, ekamatthaṃ ñāpayissāmīti jātisaddo payujjate ane katthanissayāca vicchā, anekatthaṃ saññāpayissāmīti vicchāpayujjate-ti mahābhasse], sobhanaṃ dhavakhadiranti sobhanaguṇena dhavādidabbānaṃ byāpitumicchā, atthasaddenettha dabbādayo vattumiṭṭhāti āha-‘dabbaguṇakiriyālakkhaṇe’ti, visaddo panettha byāpanatthoti āha-‘byāpituṃ sambandhitu’nti, sāti vicchā, vattudhammoti ‘rukkhaṃrukkha’miccādikaṃ yo vadati, tassa vattuno dhammo… icchālakkhaṇassa dhammassa tappaṭibaddhattā, saddoti rukkhamiccādiko, tassa saddassa yaṃ rūpaṃ atta bhāvo, tameva paccāsatyā ‘‘sutānumitesu sutasambandhova balavā’’ti vicchā bhikkhaññesu vattamānassa sutasseva tassa rūpassa paccāsannabhāvato dvisaṅkhyā yuttaṃ dvisaṅkhātāya saṅkhyāya ‘rukkhaṃ rukkha’miccevaṃ yuttaṃ atidisīyate sutte dveiccanena, dvibbacanasseva [dvibbacanameva (potthake)] hi dvisaṅkhyāyuttatā, atha katamekavacanantassa dvibbacanaṃ, tathāhi sabbeyevetettha vicchāyaṃ dvittehyabhidhayanteti bahattā bahuvacanaṃ pappoti, ekavacanantu na sijjhati ‘rukkhaṃ rukkhaṃ siñcatī’ti ekatthābhidhānabhinnasabbarukkhappatītīti kathamekavacanantassa dvibbavacanantī āsaṅkiyāha-‘tatthe’ccādi, atthasāmatthiyāti ‘bahuvacanantappayogehi’ccādinā vakkhamānanayena bahuvacanantappayogeneva vicchātthajotanato na tattha dvībbacanaṃ siyā, bhavitabbañca dvibbacane (na, e) kavacanattamantarena na cātthi dvibbacanāvakā soti patīti balāvagato yo-ttho, tassa atthassa aññathānupapattilakkhaṇaṃ sāmatthiyaṃ atthasāmatthiyaṃ, atthasāmatthiyā ekavacanantassa dvībbacananti sambandhā, kiriyādiyoganti kiriyāguṇādi sambandho, mantvāti byāpitumicchāyantīmassa pubbakiriyāvacanaṃ, abhisaṃharitvāti ekatokatvā. Saddassa tādisatthapaccāyakatte sāmatthiyaṃ saddasatti [saddassa]. Yugapadādhikaraṇatāyaṃ sahavacanicchāyaṃ bahuvacanappavattiyeva, na tattha dvibbacananti dassetumāha-‘atoyeve’ccādi, ato yevāti bahuvacanantassa saddasattiyā vicchājotanato dvibbacanābhāvāyeva, evamaññate- ‘idha pana yogapajjaṃ duvidhaṃ saddayogapajjaṃ atthayogapajjañca, tattha kiñci sātthakānaṃ saddayogapajjamatthayoga pajjaṃ na sambhavatīti, yugapadi adhikaraṇaṃ dhavādi attho yassa sodhavakhadirapalāsasaddo yugapadādhikaraṇo, tassa bhāvo tathā, tassañca sati, saddayogapajjamantarena bhinnatthānamekasaddavacanīyāna mekato papatti atthayogapajjaṃ, taṃ sahavacanicchāyanti iminā dassitanti tassaṃ sahavacanicchāyañca sati, sobhanā dhavakhadirapalāsā sobhanā rukkhāti sobhanaguṇayogepi bahuvacaneneva vicchājotanato dvibbacanābhāvoti, sobhanaṃ dhavakhadiranti pana satīpi saddayogapajje samāhārattā natthatthayogapajja [nātvayāgapajja (potthake)] nti ekavacanantattā dvittappasaṅgepi sobhanaṃ dhavakhadiranti saddānaṃ sakiṃ byāpanicchāyābhāvā na dvibbacananti heṭṭhā vuttaṃ.

Vāttikakārena ‘‘ānupubbiye dve bhavantīti vattabba’’nti (8-1-1-vā) vuttaṃ, tadāha-‘ānupubbiyepi’ccādinā, atthevānupubbiyepi vicchā tatova dvittanti paṭipādaya ‘mānupubbiya’miccādinā ‘atthiyeveccādino vuttivākyassa vivaraṇamāha. Gāmajātiyā tulyajātiyānaṃ disā desādibhedena bhinnānamiva gāmānaṃ, na ettha vicchā, mūlamaggaṃ vā hi mukhya mekameva… heṭṭhuddhabhāgantarābhāvenekattā, yenupariyadho bhāgāpekkhāya katamūlaggabyapadesena bhinnajātiyā mūlaggabhāgā, te bhinnajātiyā, na ca bhinnajātiyānaṃ vicchā hoti, na hi gogoti vutte (vāhīka)gatā vicchāvagamyateti ācariyajinindabuddhinā ānupubbiye vicchāyābhāvaṃ paṭipāditaṃ, taṃ vighaṭayituṃ ‘yadi hi’ccādinā yaṃ vuttiyaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ vipañcitumāha- ‘yathe’ccādi, nasanniviṭṭhoti na patiṭṭhito, natthīti vuttaṃ hoti, yassūparibhāgo atthi tampi mūlanti mūla byapadesassāpekkhā katattamāha, ubhayanti mūlamaggañca, tathā aññepi mūlaggabhāgāti iminā mūlaggabhedānaṃ heṭṭhā viya gahaṇe sati bahuttamāha, pubbakathitenāti ‘rukkhādīnaṃ bāhullenā’tiādinā pubbe vuttanayena, idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti ‘‘mūlādīnaṃ bāhullena thūlādi guṇayogammantvā sattamīvibhattiyuttena mūlādisaddasahitena sabba saddena mūlādikamatthamabhisaṃharitvā sabbasmiṃ mūle thūlā sabbasmiṃ agge sukhumāti evaṃ (vattuno) byāpitumicchāyamekavacanantassa vicchāyantveva dvibbacana’’nti.

Jeṭṭhānaṃ vicchāsambhave sabbakaniṭṭhassa jeṭṭhattābhāvānuppaveso na siyāti ānupubbiyamattavacanicchāyaṃ teneva dvittamabhihitaṃ ‘jeṭṭhaṃ jeṭṭhamanuppavesayā’ti tenevācariyena, tadadhunā vighaṭīyati ‘jeṭṭha’ miccādinā, kaniṭṭhopi pavesīyatīti kaniṭṭhassapi vicchāsambhavamāha, tattha kāraṇamāha-‘yatheva hi’ccādi, parassāti majjhimassāti ettha visesanaṃ, kaniṭṭhassāpi jeṭṭhabyapadesoti sambandho, yathāvuttameva samattheti ‘vatticchānibandhane hi’ccādinā, vatticchādibandhaneti vattuno icchā nibandhanaṃ kāraṇamassāti samāso, vatthusabhāve vatthu tatthe, abhiniveso pavatti, nābhisambhuṇāti na pappoti.

‘‘Sakatthe vadhāriyamāne nekasmiṃ dve bhavantīti vattabba’’nti (8-1-12-vā) vāttikakārena vuttaṃ, tadāha ‘sakatthe’iccādi, atthappakāraṇādyanapekkhassa padassa atthe sakatthe avadhāriyamāne ettakameveti gammamāne anekasmiṃ diyyamāne dvibbacanamiṭṭhaṃ mataṃ pāṇiniyānanti attho, ayampanesamadhippāyo ‘māsakaṃ māsakaṃ imamhā kahāpaṇā bhavantānaṃ dvinnaṃ dehī tyatra dve eva māsā dātumicchitā, kahāpaṇaṃ nāma–

Cattāro vihayo guñjā, dveguñjā māsako bhave;

Dve akkhāva māsakāpañca,kkhānaṃ dharaṇamaṭṭhakaṃti.

Vuttavidhinānekamāsakasamudāyo, tattha na sabbe kahāpaṇa sambandhino māsā dānakiriyāya byāpitā, dveyevāti netthattha vicchāti yathāvuttavattabbena dvibbacana’’nti, taṃ dassetvāti taṃ dvibbacanodāharaṇaṃ dassetvā, paṭipādayituṃ vicchāyameva dvittaṃ dassetuṃ… māsakaṃ māsakamiccādotvayamadhippāyo-‘‘dehīti dānakiriyāya māssa byāpitumiṭṭhāti vicchāyamevettha dvibbacanaṃ, tathāhyato dviruttā vicchāva gamyate’’ti, saddantaratoccādikaṃ kimāsaṅkiya vuttanti āha‘dehī’tiādi, avadhāraṇe patīyamāneti kahāpaṇasambandhini bahumhi māsakasamudāye māsakadvayanicchaye viññāyamāne sati, avisesena sāmaññena māsānaṃ dehīti dānakiriyāya byāpanā bhāvāti sambandho, saddantaratoccādino sādhippāyamatthamabhidhātumārabhate ‘padene’ccādi, ettha padenāti māsakamiccanena padena, imamhā kahāpaṇāti idamettha saddantaraṃ, katābhisaṅkharaṇassāti māsakaṃ māsakamiccevaṃ nipphāditassa, saddantaratoti iminā padantarayogo gahitoti āha-‘padantarena yogato’ti ayametthādhippāyo ‘‘dvittakaraṇakāle saddantaravacanīyassatthassānapekkhitattā māsakaṃmāsakanti avisesena māsakavicchāyaṃ dvittaṃ, tadanu pana imamhā kahāpaṇātisaddantarasambandhe sati yadi kahāpaṇasambandhya na vasesamāsakavicchā pariggayhati tadā imassa kahāpaṇassāti chaṭṭhiyā bhavitabbaṃ, imamhā kahāpaṇāti pana avadhipañcamīniddesato kahāpaṇato dvayameva gahetvā bhavantānaṃ dvinnaṃ dehīti imamhā kahāpaṇāti saddantaratovadhāraṇaṃ gamyate’’ti.

‘‘Pubbapaṭhamānamatthātisayavacanicchāyaṃ dve bhavantīti vattabba’’nti (8-1-12-vā) vuttaṃ, tadāha-‘pubbapaṭhamānaṃ miccādi, pubbapaṭhamānaṃ pubbapaṭhama saddānaṃ atthātisayo yo atthassa pakaṃso, tassa vacanicchāyaṃ, sabbapaṭhamabhāvasaṅkhāta atthātisayamattāva vacanicchāti na ettha vicchāti tesamadhippāyo, vikasanakiriyāya pākakiriyāyāti vuttepi vikāsakaraṇakiriyāya pākakaraṇakiriyāyāti atthasambhavato ‘pubbaṃ pubbaṃ puppha’nti tyādo, pubbaṃ pubbaṃ vikasanaṃ karonti, paṭhamaṃ paṭhamaṃ vacanaṃ karontīti kiriyāvisesanavasena attho daṭṭhabbo, pubbāti matā paṭhamābhimatāti iminā pubbapaṭhamabhāvenābhimatānaṃ bahutta byāpanena vicchāsabbhāve kāraṇamāha.

‘‘Ḍatara ḍatamānaṃ samasampadhāraṇāyamitthīnigade bhāve dve bhavantīti vattabba’’nti (8-1-12-vā) vuttaṃ, ettha itthiliṅgasaddo itthiliṅgayogā itthīti vutto, nigadyateneneti nigado, itthī nigado yassa so itthinigadobhāvo, tasmiṃ itthīnigade bhāve, tadāha-ratararata mantāna’miccādi, itthiliṅgeti itthiliṅgaṃ yassa so itthiliṅgobhāvo, tasmiṃ itthiliṅge bhāve vattamānānaṃ ratararatamantānaṃ dvibbacanamabhimatanti sambandho, kasmiṃ visayeti āha-‘samasampadhāraṇa visaye’ti, samena aḍḍhatādinā guṇena ime ubho aḍḍhā itvevaṃ rūpā sampadhāraṇā nirūpanā avabodho samasampadhāraṇā, sāeva visayo, tasmiṃ sati, aḍḍhatāya bahuvidhattābhāvā kiriyādiyo gābhāvā ca natthettha vicchāti tesamadhippāyo, pucchiyamānāti iminā ime ubho’ iccādīnaṃ pucchāvākyataṃ dasseti.

Parabyavahārenāha-‘ākhyātādīnaṃ visayatta’nti, iminā ākhyātādīnameva kiriyājotakapadabhāvena ponopuññasaṅkhātakiriyā dhammassa dhanasameva visayattaṃ dīpeti, atisayavisiṭṭhanti iminā papacatisaddepakāro pakaṃsattha jotako upasaggoti dasseti, hividhimhīti’lū-cchedane’iccasmā vidhimhi hippaccayo ‘‘pañhapattanāvidhīsu’’ti (6-9) iminā suttenāti attho, ossāti ‘‘yuvaṇṇānameopaccaye’’ti (5-82) okārassa, ‘pubbeka-kattukāna’’ (5-62) miccevāti evakārena paresamivāyamapyābhikkhaññe paccayo ce vidhīyate, tadā papacatiiccatra viya ābhikkhaññe vidhīyamānena paccayeneva ābhikkhaññatthassa pakāsitattā na dvibbacanena bhavitabbanti dasseti, yadā tu bhusaṃ punappunaṃ pacatīti vacanicchā tadāpi papacatīti bhavatyeva.

Iha imasmiṃ udāharaṇe, ābhikkhaññe iccevāti iminā anukaraṇamattamevetaṃ natthetthābhikkhaññanti pāṇiniyā suttantarena dvittampaṭipādenti, natthettha tādisena vacanena payojanaṃ, ābhikkhaññeyeva dvibbacananti dasseti, evamaññate ‘‘paṭaiccetamanukaraṇaṃ bhavana kiriyampati vattatīti [bhavanakiriyāmatī vuttīti (potthake)] kiriyādhammaṃ ponopuññamettha atthevā’’ti, teneva vakkhati-‘paṭapaṭā bhavatīti ābhikkhaññe dvibbacana’nti, anitisminti itisadde avijjamāne, rāppaccayoti paṭhamaṃ dvitte kate pacchā rāppaccayo, rāppaccayamakatvāpi pakārantarena sādhetumāha- ‘athavā’ iccādi, dīgho niccanti paṭhamaṃ dvitte paṭapaṭakarotīti ṭhite niccaṃ dīgho, paṭapaṭā karotīti ettha nipphattiṃ dassetvā idāni paṭapaṭāyatīti ettha dassetuṃ paṭapaṭāyatītiādi āraddhaṃ.